グローバル化する資本・労働移動の一般均衡分析：その経済成長、貧困と不平等への影響

我们在JSPS KAKENHI项目下完成了两篇论文。在第一篇论文中，我们以孟加拉国为典型，分析了跨境要素流动的影响，孟加拉国面临着全球化的要素流动。使用静态可计算一般均衡（CGE）模型，我们研究了成衣（RMG）部门增加的外国直接投资的收益如何在具有不同特征的家庭之间传递和共享，以及适当的政府政策来减轻外国直接投资增加带来的不利分配问题（如果有的话）。我们的模拟结果表明，FDI对RMG跨国公司的产出和出口都有促进作用，但对家庭群体的受益并不均衡。然后，我们证明，针对受不利影响的家庭群体的人力资本开发计划可以使这些家庭之间的收益公平。我们的动态CGE分析描述了移民的外国劳动力市场冲击如何通过降低工资和增加失业率来降低家庭福利，特别是对国内劳动力市场中的非技术工人而言。我们利用反制政策选项，考察了促进外国直接投资对RMG部门和人力资本开发计划的影响。根据我们的研究结果，我们得出结论，前一种政策最大限度地减少了外国劳动力市场冲击的负面影响，而两种政策的组合更为公平。我也顺利通过了博士论文答辩，并于2019年9月毕业。

We have finalized two papers under JSPS KAKENHI project. In the first paper, we analyze the impacts of cross-border factor mobility in Bangladesh, as typical example, which faces globalization in factor mobility. Using a static Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model, we examine how the benefits of an increased FDI in the ready-made garments (RMG) sector are transmitted and shared among households with different characteristics, and the appropriate government policies to mitigate adverse distributional problems, if any, created from the increased FDI.Our simulation results demonstrate that FDI would promote both output and exports by the RMG multinationals but benefit household groups unevenly. We then demonstrate that human capital development programs targeting an adversely affected household group could make the gains equitable among these households. Our dynamic CGE analysis describes how a foreign labor market shock of migrants reduce household welfare by lowering wages and increasing unemployment, particularly for unskilled workers in the domestic labor market. Using counteractive policy options, we examine the impacts of FDI promotion in the RMG sector and of a human-capital development program.Based on our results, we conclude that the former policy minimizes the negative impacts of foreign labor market shocks, while a combination of both policies is more equitable. I have also successfully defended my PhD dissertation and graduated in September 2019.