FOR 1061: Dynamic Storage Functions of Plant Vacuoles During Cold and Osmotic Stress

液泡是植物细胞中最大的细胞器，具有多种储存功能。一般来说，植物无法逃脱它们所处的位置，因此必须适应永久变化的环境条件。在冷胁迫或渗透胁迫开始时，许多溶质如糖、糖醇、有机酸、氨基酸、钾和其他离子积累在液泡中。这一过程有助于细胞抗逆性的发展。特别是，单个分子的细胞内部比较发生了变化，合适的溶质的生物合成速度必须迅速适应。将分别详细分析基本的运输过程和生物合成以及降解途径。在缺乏一种或几种蛋白质的突变植物中，或者在其中一种或几种蛋白质的活性过度表达的植物中，将测试逆境耐受性的变化。特别的焦点是液泡糖和糖醇转运体、苹果酸载体以及通道蛋白。此外，由液泡膜V-ATPase或V-焦磷酸酶引起的应激引起的液泡能化的变化也将受到启发。所使用的方法包括分子技术以及生化和生物物理技术、重组蛋白质、质谱蛋白质组分析和显微技术。我们期望我们的研究结果有助于理解分子应激生理学。

The vacuole represents the largest plant cell organell with several storage functions. In general, plants cannot escape from their location and, therefore, have to adapt to permanently changing environmental conditions. During the onset of cold or osmotic stress, many solutes like, e.g., sugars, sugar alcohols, organic acids, amino acids, potassium and other ions accumulate in the vacuole. This process contributes to the development of cellular stress tolerance. Especially the cell-internal compartimentation of individual molecules is changed and the rate of biosyntheses of suitable solutes must be rapidly adapted. The underlying transport processes and the biosynthesis, respectively degradation pathways will be in detail analysed. In mutant plants lacking one or several proteins, or in which the activity of one or several proteins are overexpressed, changes in the stress tolerance will be tested. In the special focus are vacuolar sugar- and sugar-alcohol transporter, malate carrier as well as channel proteins. In addition, stress induced changes of the vacuolar energisation by the tonoplast V-ATPase or V-pyrophosphatase will be enlightened. The methods used enclose molecular techniques as well as biochemical and biophysical technologies, recombinant proteins, mass-spectrometric proteome analysis and microscopic techniques. We expect the outcome of our research contributes to the understanding of molecular stress physiology.