SFB 837: Interaction Modelling in Mechanised Tunnelling

机械化隧道是一种高度自动化的施工过程，已被证明适用于各种不同的地质和水文条件。它的应用范围从低地表覆盖的敏感结构下方的城市隧道到以高地压和高覆盖层为特征的深高山隧道。然而，机械化隧道施工过程中固有的问题，如缺乏对地质条件意外变化的适应性，先验土壤信息的不确定性以及机器-土壤相互作用的复杂性，给隧道的规划和施工带来了重大挑战。因此，隧道掘进机只能达到约。在典型的隧道掘进过程中，其理论生产能力的30%。为了应对机械化隧道在不同地质条件下的应用范围不断扩大、机器直径越来越大的趋势、越来越高的安全要求以及最大限度地减少隧道相关风险的需要，该项目由土木工程和机械工程、计算力学和地球科学的跨学科科学家组成，旨在探索和描述影响机械化隧道掘进安全和效率的主导因素和基本过程及其相互作用。在前两个研究阶段，该项目开发的基于计算机建模、实验研究和数字规划的综合方法在回答这些问题方面取得了非常成功的结果。以前只能以简化的经验方式描述的情况现在可以使用基于物理的模型进行解释，这为更好地管理和优化当前的设计，施工和物流流程开辟了新的视角。虽然前两个资助阶段的研究集中在软土地基中的隧道，在第三个资助期内，拟议的研究还将集中在困难地质条件下的隧道开挖方面，这些地质条件限制了机械化隧道开挖的应用范围。在其他主题中，研究将关注于了解尚未探索的因素，控制隧道施工过程中的膨胀土，以及与新的变形容忍隧道衬砌的设计，用于这种情况。通过材料科学家和地质学家之间的跨学科研究，将对挖掘工具的磨损和在这种困难的地质条件下的挖掘效率获得重要的见解。SFB 837中开发的挖掘、推进和物流过程的模拟和风险模型将实现改进的、环保的和低风险的规划和施工过程。这些模型将被扩展，以实现实时预测，并为城市隧道工程的交互式数字化设计提供平台。

Mechanized tunneling is a highly automated construction process that has proven itself to be suitable for use in a wide range of different geological and hydrological conditions. Its application ranges from urban tunnels driven below sensitive structures with low ground cover to deep alpine tunnels characterized by large ground pressures and high overburdens. However, problems inherent in the mechanized tunneling process, such as its lack of adaptability to unexpected changes in geological conditions, uncertainties in a priori soil information and the complexity of machine-soil interactions present significant challenges in both the planning and construction of tunnels. As a result, tunnel boring machines only reach approx. 30% of their theoretical production capacity during typical tunnel drives. In response to the continuously expanding application range of mechanized tunneling to different geological conditions, the trend towards larger machine diameters, increasing safety requirements and the need to minimize tunneling-related risks, the project, an interdisciplinary team of scientists from civil- and mechanical engineering, computational mechanics and the geosciences, aims to explore and describe the dominant factors and essential processes and interactions that influence safety and efficiency in mechanized tunneling. During its first two research periods, the methods developed by the project based on the synthesis of computer-oriented modeling, experimental investiga-tions and digital planning, have proven extraordinarily successful in answering these questions. Circumstances that could previously only be described in simplified empirical manners can now be explained using well founded physics-based models, which open new perspectives for the better management and optimization of current design, construction and logistics processes.While research during the first two funding phases was focused on the tunneling in soft ground, the proposed research in the third funding period will additionally concentrate on tunneling in difficult geological conditions that today set the limits on the application range of mechanized tunneling. Among other topics, research will be concerned with understanding the as yet unexplored factors that control tunneling processes in expansive soils as well as with the design of novel deformation-tolerant tunnel linings to be used in such situations. From interdisciplinary research between material scientists and geophysicists, essential insights will be gained into the wear of excavation tools and the efficiency of excavation in such difficult geological conditions. Simulation and risk models for the excavation, advancement and logistics processes developed in the SFB 837 will enable improved, environmentally-friendly and low-risk planning and construction processes. These models will be ex-tended to enable real-time prognosis and to provide a platform for the interactive digital design of urban tunneling proj