LIGHTING CONDITION WITH DIFFERENT WAVELENGTH FOR ANTHOCYIANIN SYNTHESIS OF GRAPE BERRIES

本研究通过控制浆果的初始生长来抑制浆果的裂果。在全部和部分覆盖塑料的情况下，对‘藤森’浆果进行了裂果试验。浆果裂果始于Veraison期，全覆盖葡萄园和部分覆盖葡萄园裂果频率分别为1.7%和3.7%。果实成熟初期裂果发生在花梗末端，成熟后期裂果发生在雌蕊末端。全覆盖葡萄园浆果果皮硬度大于半覆盖，研究了CPPU和GA3对浆果生长和裂果的影响。盛花时以25ppm的赤霉素A处理，盛花后10天单独或混合使用25ppm的赤霉素A和5ppm的CPPU。果实成熟后，各处理均出现裂果现象。GA/GA(盛花期/盛花后10天)、GA/GA+CPPU、GA/CPPU处理的果实裂果发生率分别为12%、12%和2%。GA/GA+CPPU处理对果实生长的促进作用最强，GA/CPPU处理次之。采收时，各处理间果皮硬度和花色苷含量差异不大。扫描电子显微镜观察发现，在果实成熟初期，经赤霉素处理的浆果果皮表面有细微的裂痕，而经CPPU处理的果实几乎没有。果梗末端皮下真皮的细胞大小明显小于经赤霉素处理的果实。这一结果表明，果皮组织解剖结构的差异与果实裂果的发生有密切关系，开花后施CPPU具有抑制裂果和促进果实膨大的作用。

In this study, suppression of berry cracking by controlling initial growth of berry was investigated. The occurrence of berry cracking was examined in the 'Fujiminori' berries grown under wholly and partly covered with plastics. Berry cracking appeared from veraison stage and the frequency of cracking in wholly covered and partly covered vineyard was 1.7 and 3.7 % respectively. The cracking occurred in the pedicel end of the berries in the early stages of ripening, then in the pistilar end in the late stage of ripening. The hardness of skin was larger in the berries in wholly covered vineyard than those in partly covered.The effect of CPPU and GA3 application on the berry growth and cracking was studied. GA at 25 ppm at full bloom and single or mixed application of GA 25ppm and CPPU 5ppm 10 days after full bloom. Immediately after the biginnng of ripening, berry cracking occurred in all treatments. The frequency of occurrence of cracking in the berries in GA/GA (at full bloom/10days after full broom), GA/GA+CPPU, GA/CPPU were 12%, 12% and 2% respectively. The berry growth was most enhanced by GA/GA+CPPU treatment, followed by GA/CPPU.At harvest, there was little difference in the skin hardiness and anthocyanin contents among these treatments. By the observation with SEM, the minute crackings were found on the surface of the skin in the pedicel end of berries treated with GA in the early stages of ripening, while those were hardly observed in the berries treated with CPPU.The cell size of the subepidermis of skin in the pedicel end of the berries treated with CPPU was considerably smaller than those in the berries with GA.These results suggested that the difference in the anatomical structure of the skin tissues has close relation with the occurrence of berry cracking and that CPPU application after blooming has a effect of suppressing the berry cracking as well as enhancing berry enlargement.