Regularity and irregularity of case morphology in German language island varieties (Russia, Brazil): intralingual, interlingual, typological convergence

该研究项目是关于巴西和俄罗斯德语岛屿的语言变化。该项目的主题是在俄罗斯和巴西的德语岛屿的规则和不规则形态的发展：其频率，分布和功能（取决于语言品种，年龄组和情境）。其目的是描述减少或阻力的情况下形态，并解释这些现象的收敛，语言变化和语言转移。它的目标是研究120名使用者的语言使用情况（俄罗斯约60人，巴西约60人，每次调查在1990年代有30名使用者，现在有30名）。语言的使用是在三种情况下得出的：一组60个标准化的句子被翻译成方言;采访叙述;和一个家庭对话自我记录的发言者。这是由三个年龄组的两种方言的发言者进行的：该项目的核心思想是假设我们可以从语言的出现和语言的过时中学习（标准化，koineization，方言合并），这一直是语言学研究的主题在过去。语言衰退显然不只是无序，不是无定形的，而是某种结构。某些词类比其他词类更容易归约，一些剩余特征保留了形态学的核心功能（就格语义而言）。上面提到的社区是世界上最大的德语岛屿的一部分。但它们是淹没的语言岛屿，即它们显示出加速的语言转变，这使得研究在方法论方面既有吸引力又有要求，数据处理及结果分析。项目首个资助期将如期顺利完成数据收集及处理工作第二个时期将包括1990年代早期收集的数据，考虑到整个发展情况，（共有125名发言者），并得出关于这种语言变化的结论。此外，该项目还可以安排一个实时小组研究：16名发言者在15年后第二次录音。该研究项目旨在促进对德语岛屿品种形态变化的研究。通过其比较的角度来看，将有可能解释内部或外部引起的语言变化。此外，通过开发自动数据处理工具，该项目将为语料库语言学做出贡献，旨在实现数据的可持续性和研究合作的连通性。

The research project is about language change in German language islands in Brazil and Russia. The subject of this project is the development of regular and irregular morphology in German language islands in Russia and Brazil: its frequency, distribution, and functionality (depending on language varieties, age-group and situational context). The objectives are to describe the reduction or resistance of case morphology and to explain these phenomena in terms of convergence, language change and language shift. Its goal is the study of language usage of 120 speakers (about 60 in Russia, 60 in Brazil, each investigation with 30 speakers during the 1990s and 30 now). Language use is elicited in three settings: a set of 60 standardized sentences to be translated into the dialect; an interview narration; and a home conversation self-recorded by the speakers. This is done by three age groups of speakers of two dialects in contact: the East Low German Plautdietsch and a West Upper German variety called Catholic in Russia, and the East Low German Pomerano and the West Middle German variety Hunsrück in Brazil.The core idea of the project is the assumption that we can learn as well from language obsolescence as from language emergence (standardization, koineization, dialect merger) which has been the subject of linguistic research in the past.Language decay is apparently not just disorder, not amorphous, but somehow structured. Certain lexical classes are more subject to reduction than others, and some residual features retain morphological core functions (in terms of case semantics).The communities mentioned above are part of the biggest German language islands worldwide. But they are language islands in inundation, i.e. they display an accelerated language shift which makes research attractive as well as demanding in terms of methodology, data processing and interpretation of results.The first funding period of the project will successfully complete the data collection and processing on schedule (more than 60 speakers in Russia and Brazil).The second period will include the data of an earlier data collection during the 1990s considering the overall development (with 125 speakers in total) and come to conclusions concerning this language change in vivo. Additionally, the project is able to arrange a real-time panel study: tape-recordings of 16 speakers a second time after 15 years.This research project wants to promote research on morphological change in German language island varieties. Through its comparative perspective it will be possible to account for internally or externally induced linguistic change. Additionally, by developing tools of automatic data processing, the project will make a contribution to corpus linguistics aiming at data sustainability and connectivity for research cooperation.