Project 1 Viral Genomics: surveillance, epidemiology, host response, and viral immunogenicity

该提案旨在开发新的临床诊断方法，并增加我们对 新出现的SARS相关冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的多样性，进化和传播，以及其他 呼吸道疾病病原体在美国。 2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）与轻度至重度呼吸道疾病有关， 致命的新型病毒病原体于2019年12月在湖北省武汉市首次发现， 中国在与海鲜市场有关的个人爆发肺炎后， 在全球传播。该病毒最初被命名为“2019新型冠状病毒”，此后更名为严重急性 呼吸综合征相关冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）。截至2020年2月10日，这包括40，554名 25个国家内的确诊病例和910例死亡1。截至2019年， 美国2，其中一种在马萨诸塞州波士顿的一名最近从 中国3.随着公共卫生机构继续监测、跟踪和试图控制其传播， 他们配备了最有效的工具来检测SARS-CoV-2并将其与其他病毒区分开来。 类似呼吸道疾病的常见原因。 该提案解决了在快速发展的COVID-19疫情中临床诊断方面的关键差距 通过推进用于筛查大量呼吸道疾病样本的多路复用和现场护理工具， 在公共卫生实验室环境中。它建立在病毒项目的基因组疾病监测目标的基础上， 我们现有的传染病基因组中心（NIAID），但考虑到成本的增加， 与疫情应对有关的工作规模。该项目生成的工具专门针对 公共卫生实验室一级的迫切需要，并有可能加快其调查能力 未确诊的呼吸道疾病

This proposal is intended to develop novel clinical diagnostics for, and increase our understanding of, the diversity, evolution, and spread of the newly emerged SARS-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and other respiratory disease-causing pathogens in the United States. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with mild to severe respiratory disease, which can be fatal. The novel viral etiological agent was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China following an outbreak of pneumonia in individuals associated with a seafood market, and has since spread globally. Originally named “2019 novel coronavirus”, the virus has since been renamed severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). As of 10 February 2020, this includes 40,554 confirmed cases and 910 deaths within 25 countries1. There have been 12 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the United States2, one of which was identified in Boston, MA in an individual who recently returned from China3. As public health agencies continue to monitor, track, and attempt to control its spread, it is most crucial that they are equipped with the most effective tools to detect SARS-CoV-2 and distinguish it from other common causes of similar respiratory illness. This proposal addresses the critical gap in clinical diagnostics amidst the quickly moving COVID-19 outbreak by advancing multiplexed and point of care tools for screening a large number of respiratory disease samples in a public health lab setting. It builds upon the genomic disease surveillance aims of the Viral project within our existing Genomic Centers for Infectious Disease (NIAID), but accounts for the increased costs based on the scale of work related to outbreak response. The tools generated by this project specifically address a glaring need at the public health laboratory level and have the potential to accelerate their investigative abilities for undiagnosed respiratory disease.