Resilience to Adult Revictimization Among Survivors of Child and Adolescent Sexual Assault

项目摘要 研究人员在了解成年人的发病机制方面取得了相当大的进展。 再次受害尽管有各种各样的因素被牵连其中， 来自儿童或青少年性侵犯的受害者是后来再次受害的一个特别突出的风险因素。 相比之下，很少有人注意到可能缓冲CASA和成人之间联系的因素。 再次受害最近的研究表明，高水平的社会支持是一个关键的人际因素， CASA和成人再次受害之间的缓冲关系。其他文献表明，某些内在的 过程也可以缓冲创伤的不良影响。特别是，感恩，自我同情， 乐观主义是一种可以促进人们对逆境恢复能力的结构。根据这些发现，我们 中心假设是，社会支持和这些关键的心理优势，独立和 在CASA的幸存者中，PTSD症状和成人再受害之间存在中度关系。到 为了验证这一假设，250名有CASA病史的女大学生将完成自我报告 评估与CASA、社会支持、心理优势（即， 感恩，自我同情和乐观），以及在三个时间点发生的性再次受害。 12个月的过程。这种方法将允许对社会支持进行前瞻性审查， 心理力量作为可能的缓冲，防止随后的性再次受害。从这个研究结果 预计将澄清可能促进弹性的关键人际和个人内部过程， CASA幸存者的再次受害。这些结果可能为制定有效的干预措施提供信息 减少CASA相关的PTSD和成人再次受害的策略。

Project Summary Researchers have made considerable progress in understanding mechanisms responsible for adult revictimization. Although a variety of factors have been implicated, posttraumatic stress symptoms stemming from child or adolescent sexual assault (CASA) are an especially prominent risk factor for later revictimization. By contrast, little attention has been given to factors that may buffer associations between CASA and adult revictimization. Recent research identifies high levels of social support as a key interpersonal factor that may buffer relations between CASA and adult revictimization. Other literature suggests that certain intrapersonal processes may also buffer against the ill effects of trauma. In particular, gratitude, self-compassion, and optimism are constructs known to promote resilience in response to adversity. Drawing on these findings, our central hypothesis is that social support and these key psychological strengths will, independently and together, moderate relations between PTSD symptoms and adult revictimization among survivors of CASA. To test this hypothesis, a sample of 250 college women with a history of CASA will complete self-report questionnaires assessing symptoms of PTSD linked to CASA, social support, psychological strengths (i.e., gratitude, self-compassion, and optimism), and occurrences of sexual revictimization at three time points over the course of 12 months. This methodology will permit a prospective examination of social support and psychological strengths as possible buffers against subsequent sexual revictimization. Findings from this study are expected to clarify key interpersonal and intrapersonal processes that may promote resilience to revictimization among CASA survivors. These results may inform the development of effective intervention strategies to reduce CASA-related PTSD and adult revictimization.