Resilience to Adult Revictimization Among Survivors of Child and Adolescent Sexual Assault

项目摘要 研究人员在理解成人的致病机制方面取得了相当大的进展 再次受害。尽管有多种因素牵涉其中，但创伤后应激症状 儿童或青少年性侵犯(CASA)是以后再次受害的一个特别突出的风险因素。 相比之下，很少有人注意到可能缓冲CASA和成人之间联系的因素 再次受害。最近的研究发现，高水平的社会支持是一个关键的人际因素，可能 CASA与成人再受害之间的缓冲关系。其他文献表明，某些人的内心世界 这些过程还可以缓冲创伤的不良影响。特别是感恩、自怜和 乐观主义是已知的一种结构，可以提高应对逆境的韧性。根据这些发现，我们的 中心假设是，社会支持和这些关键的心理力量将独立和 总而言之，在CASA幸存者中，创伤后应激障碍症状和成人再受害之间存在适度的关系。至 检验这一假设，250名有CASA病史的女大学生样本将完成自我报告 评估创伤后应激障碍症状的问卷与CASA、社会支持、心理力量(即， 感恩、自我同情和乐观)，以及在三个时间点发生的性再次受害 疗程为12个月。这一方法将允许对社会支持和 心理优势作为可能的缓冲，以防随后的性再次受害。这项研究的发现 预计将阐明关键的人际和个人内部流程，这些流程可能会促进对 CASA幸存者的再受害情况。这些结果可能为发展有效的干预措施提供参考。 减少与CASA相关的创伤后应激障碍和成人再受害的策略。

Project Summary Researchers have made considerable progress in understanding mechanisms responsible for adult revictimization. Although a variety of factors have been implicated, posttraumatic stress symptoms stemming from child or adolescent sexual assault (CASA) are an especially prominent risk factor for later revictimization. By contrast, little attention has been given to factors that may buffer associations between CASA and adult revictimization. Recent research identifies high levels of social support as a key interpersonal factor that may buffer relations between CASA and adult revictimization. Other literature suggests that certain intrapersonal processes may also buffer against the ill effects of trauma. In particular, gratitude, self-compassion, and optimism are constructs known to promote resilience in response to adversity. Drawing on these findings, our central hypothesis is that social support and these key psychological strengths will, independently and together, moderate relations between PTSD symptoms and adult revictimization among survivors of CASA. To test this hypothesis, a sample of 250 college women with a history of CASA will complete self-report questionnaires assessing symptoms of PTSD linked to CASA, social support, psychological strengths (i.e., gratitude, self-compassion, and optimism), and occurrences of sexual revictimization at three time points over the course of 12 months. This methodology will permit a prospective examination of social support and psychological strengths as possible buffers against subsequent sexual revictimization. Findings from this study are expected to clarify key interpersonal and intrapersonal processes that may promote resilience to revictimization among CASA survivors. These results may inform the development of effective intervention strategies to reduce CASA-related PTSD and adult revictimization.