Root2Res: Root phenotyping and genetic improvement for rotational crops resilient to environmental change

Root2Res将提供一揽子解决方案，通过考虑与气候变化影响相关的根系特征来增强轮作制度的弹性。创新将包括表型、遗传和建模工具，这些工具将帮助育种者在田间和受控条件下评估一系列作物(谷物、土豆、豆类)的新的和现有的基因类型，作为整个欧洲不同土壤和气候环境的根型。Root2Res还将通过评估它们的基因和表型变异，研究新兴作物(红薯，小扁豆)在提高对环境变化的适应能力方面的潜在作用。目标环境包括那些预计将受到气候变化对欧洲产量影响最大的环境。对胁迫的复原力将侧重于水可获得性(干旱和内涝)的更大变化以及与其他胁迫(温度、养分可获得性降低)的相互作用。我们还将考虑对性状可塑性的新理解对压力的影响。待评估的性状将重点放在探索、开发和与根际微生物群相关的性状上，这些性状整合在一个扩展的表型中。Root2Res中设计的更具弹性的理想类型对气候变化缓解结果(土壤碳固存、养分利用和温室气体排放)的交付的影响将在实地进行评估。Root2Res将在整个项目中与利益相关者，特别是饲养者和农民进行强有力的互动。Root2Res的雄心是通过利用现有的遗传多样性在一系列作物品种中进行育种计划，从而提供适应不断变化的环境并能够缓解气候变化的作物，然后扩大对适合未来弹性系统的作物的理解。这一雄心壮志将得到欧洲及其他地区多学科伙伴关系的共同承诺的支持。

Root2Res will deliver a package of solutions to enhance the resilience of rotational cropping system by considering relevant root traits with respect to the impact of climate change. Innovations will include phenotyping, genetic and modelling tools that will help breeders evaluate, in field and controlled conditions, novel and existing genotypes of a range of crops (Cereals, Potatoes, Legumes) as root ideotypes for different soil and climatic environments across Europe. Root2Res will also investigate the potential role of emerging crops (Sweet potato, Lentil) to enhance resilience to environmental change, by assessing their genotypic and phenotypic variation. The environments targeted include those predicted to suffer from the largest impact of climate change on yield in Europe. Resilience to stress will focus on greater variation in water availability (both drought and waterlogging) and interactions with other stresses (temperature, reduced nutrient availability). We will also consider the impact of novel understanding of the plasticity of traits to stress. Traits to be assessed will focus on exploration, exploitation and rhizosphere microbiome related traits integrated in an extended phenotype. The impacts of the more resilient ideotypes designed in Root2Res on the delivery of climate change mitigation outcomes (soil carbon sequestration, nutrient utilisation and greenhouse gas emission) will be assessed in field. Root2Res will integrate a strong interaction with stakeholders all through the project, particularly breeders and farmers. The ambition of Root2Res is to deliver crops adapted to changing environments and able to mitigate climate change, by utilising existing genetic diversity for breeding programs in a range of crop species essential to cropping systems and then widening understanding to crops suitable for resilient future systems. This ambition will be supported by the joined commitment of a multidisciplinary partnerships across Europe and beyond.