Investigation of Unusual Cyclization Reactions in Biocatalysis
Investigation of Unusual Cyclization Reactions in Biocatalysis
批准号:
10204013
负责人:
HUNG-WEN LIU
金额:
$36.41万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
1989
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
1989-04-01 至 2024-06-30
关键词:
2-AminopurineAcyl Carrier ProteinAddressAnabolismAntibioticsBacteriaBasic ScienceBiochemistryBiologicalBiological AssayBiomedical ResearchBioremediationsBiotechnologyCarbonCatalysisChemical StructureChemicalsChemistryCyclizationCyclobutanesDevelopmentEngineeringEnzymatic BiochemistryEnzymesExhibitsFlavinsFormycinsFundingFutureGene ClusterGene ExpressionGenesGoalsHealthHumanIn VitroInvestigationLaboratoriesLeadLearningLipidsMapsMediatingMetabolismMethodsMolecular BiologyNatural ProductsNatural Products ChemistryNatureNitrogenNucleosidesOutcomePathway interactionsPeriodicityPharmacologic SubstancePolyenesPropertyPurinesPyrazolesReactionResearchScientistSequence AnalysisSeriesSkeletonSourceStructureSystemTestingWorkanti-cancerantimicrobialcarbohydrate biosynthesischemical synthesiscombinatorialenzyme mechanismgene producthuman diseasein vitro Assayin vivointerestnew technologynovelnucleobaseoxidationpolyketide synthasepyranosereconstitutionsugarsynthetic biologythioestertool
中文摘要
摘要:
--
天然香料产品已经被开发,并将继续成为世界上最重要的治疗和研究项目的先导化合物的丰富来源。
人类疾病。这些化合物中的许多都有不寻常的环状骨架,这影响了它们的生物学特性。
依赖于蛋白质和蛋白质经常需要同样不寻常的酶催化的蛋白质反应来完成它们的结构。这是通过绘制地图来实现的。
介绍了这些天然产物的生物合成途径,并阐明了这些反应的主要化学作用机制。
其中,我们的目标是进一步丰富可供天然药物产品化学家和合成动物生物学家使用的各种工具。
他们的努力是为了更好地为人类健康创造更大的利益,开发和设计新的技术和药物。
然而,为了充分实现天然产物生物合成的巨大潜力,必须从以下几个方面入手。
我们对其背后的化学成分有了透彻的了解。本着这一精神,我们已经确定了三种。
主要制度是在下一个融资阶段进行研究的。因此,第一个具体的目标是要对其进行探索。
史无前例的环丁烷和脂类的生物合成新途径。世界上最大的顺式融合环丁烷和环丁烷环状系统。
长期以来,梯状杆菌一直以来都是科学家们感兴趣的话题,因为它们在金黄色葡萄球菌中的重要性,以及它们对细菌的影响。
全球最新的氮素循环,以及它们作为生物燃料的潜在潜力。然而,它们的生物合成仍然是一个谜。
必要的酶和转化本质上是一种未知的变化,它可能很好地涉及到大量的自由基。
介导的反应是由自由基SAM和酶催化的。第二个特定的目标是寻求更好地理解这些反应。
两种独特的多肽和核苷类抗生素(PNAS)的生物起源。多酮和糖类。
传统上,生物合成一直被认为是次生代谢中的两种不同的生物范式。
最近对阿米普霉素和米哈拉霉素的生物合成研究也表明,这是最高碳的。
这些PNAS中的糖和核心很可能是生物合成的多酮。我们的目标是严格测试这一假说。
通过在体外重建主要的生物合成途径,我们将无法确定这些生物合成途径的主要核心糖的来源。
化合物1和3建立了它们的结构中所涉及的所有反应的序列和性质。
具体的目的是为了阐明这些反应的主要途径和反应,即他们对吡唑类药物在体内的形成负有责任。
福尔霉素、A类和吡唑呋喃类。在这些C-核苷类抗生素类药物中,吡唑类药物的部分含量因其N-N减少而引人注目。
这种联系可能不需要形成一种新的有机肼中间体。然而,这一生物过程。
基础的N-N债券形成过程的转换和循环过程目前几乎完全是投机性的。
对这些假设的彻底调查将不需要我们在分子生物学方面的专业知识的集体应用。
生物学、化学和合成学以及酶学共同建立了生物合成途径和酶促反应途径。
催化作用的机理。这些新系统一直是在充分考虑它们的新颖性、对未来的影响和影响的基础上挑选出来的。
在生物医学研究中心的基础研究和翻译研究中,研究机械酶、蛋白质和潜在的生物实用价值的领域。
我们相信,这项新的工作将继续解决生物和化学研究中的一些长期存在的问题,并开启一项新的研究。
在次生代谢研究和药物研究中寻找新的发现途径。
英文摘要
ABSTRACT
Natural products have been and continue to be a rich source of lead compounds for the treatment and study of
human diseases. Many of these compounds have unusual cyclic skeletons on which their biological properties
depend and often require equally unusual enzyme-catalyzed reactions for their construction. By mapping the
biosynthetic pathways of these natural products and elucidating the chemical mechanisms of the reactions
therein, we aim to enrich the repertoire of tools available to natural product chemists and synthetic biologists in
their efforts to develop and engineer new technologies and pharmaceuticals for the benefit of human health.
However, in order to fully realize the potential of natural product biosynthesis, the pathways must be
characterized, and the underlying chemistry thoroughly understood. In this spirit, we have identified three
principal systems for study in the next funding period. Thus, the first specific aim is to explore the
unprecedented biosynthetic pathway of ladderane lipids. The cis-fused cyclobutane ring systems of the
ladderanes have long been of interest to scientists given their importance in anammox bacteria, their impact on
the global nitrogen cycle and their potential as biofuels. However, their biosynthesis remains enigmatic as the
necessary enzyme transformations are essentially unknown and may very well involve a number of radical-
mediated reactions catalyzed by radical SAM enzymes. The second specific aim seeks to understand the
biological origin of two unique peptidyl nucleoside antibiotics (PNAs). Polyketide and carbohydrate
biosynthesis have traditionally been considered two separate paradigms in secondary metabolism. However,
recent biosynthetic investigations of amipurimycin and miharamycins have suggested that the high-carbon
sugar cores of these PNAs are likely biosynthesized as polyketides. We aim to rigorously test this hypothesis
by reconstituting the biosynthetic pathways in vitro. We will determine the origin of the sugar cores in these
compounds and establish the sequence and nature of the reactions involved in their construction. The third
specific aim is to elucidate the pathway and reactions that are responsible for pyrazole ring formation in
formycin A and pyrazofurin. The pyrazole moieties in these C-nucleoside antibiotics are notable for their N–N
linkage that may require formation of an organohydrazine intermediate. However, the biological
transformations underlying N–N bond formation and cyclization are presently almost entirely speculative.
Thorough investigation of these hypotheses will require the collective application of our expertise in molecular
biology, chemical synthesis and enzymology to establish the biosynthetic pathways and enzymatic
mechanisms of catalysis. These systems have been selected on the basis of their novelty, implications for the
field of mechanistic enzymology, and potential utility in biomedical research at the basic and translational
levels. We believe this work will continue to address standing questions in biological chemistry and open new
avenues of discovery in secondary metabolism and pharmaceutical research.
期刊论文(0)
专著(0)
科研奖励(0)
会议论文
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批准号:7907114
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$25.89万
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财政年份:2009
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资助金额:$32.42万
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财政年份:1996
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财政年份:1996
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资助金额:$15.45万
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资助金额:$24.25万
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海外基金