Root2Res: Root phenotyping and genetic improvement for rotational crops resilient to environmental change

Root2Res将提供一揽子解决方案，通过考虑气候变化影响的相关根系特征，提高轮作系统的适应能力。创新将包括表型、遗传和建模工具，这些工具将帮助育种者在田间和受控条件下评估一系列作物（谷物、马铃薯、豆类）的新基因型和现有基因型，作为欧洲不同土壤和气候环境的根理想型。Root2Res还将通过评估新兴作物（甘薯，小扁豆）的基因型和表型变异来研究其在增强对环境变化的适应力方面的潜在作用。所针对的环境包括那些预计将遭受气候变化对欧洲产量影响最大的环境。对压力的复原力将侧重于水供应（干旱和水涝）的更大变化以及与其他压力（温度、养分供应减少）的相互作用。我们还将考虑对特质可塑性的新理解对压力的影响。待评估的性状将侧重于探索、开发和根际微生物组相关性状，这些性状整合在扩展表型中。将在实地评估Root2Res中设计的更具弹性的理想类型对气候变化减缓成果（土壤碳固存，养分利用和温室气体排放）的影响。Root2Res将在整个项目中与利益相关者，特别是育种者和农民进行强有力的互动。Root2Res的目标是提供适应不断变化的环境并能够减缓气候变化的作物，方法是利用现有的遗传多样性在一系列对种植系统至关重要的作物物种中进行育种计划，然后扩大对适合未来弹性系统的作物的理解。这一雄心将得到整个欧洲及其他地区多学科伙伴关系的共同承诺的支持。

Root2Res will deliver a package of solutions to enhance the resilience of rotational cropping system by considering relevant root traits with respect to the impact of climate change. Innovations will include phenotyping, genetic and modelling tools that will help breeders evaluate, in field and controlled conditions, novel and existing genotypes of a range of crops (Cereals, Potatoes, Legumes) as root ideotypes for different soil and climatic environments across Europe. Root2Res will also investigate the potential role of emerging crops (Sweet potato, Lentil) to enhance resilience to environmental change, by assessing their genotypic and phenotypic variation. The environments targeted include those predicted to suffer from the largest impact of climate change on yield in Europe. Resilience to stress will focus on greater variation in water availability (both drought and waterlogging) and interactions with other stresses (temperature, reduced nutrient availability). We will also consider the impact of novel understanding of the plasticity of traits to stress. Traits to be assessed will focus on exploration, exploitation and rhizosphere microbiome related traits integrated in an extended phenotype. The impacts of the more resilient ideotypes designed in Root2Res on the delivery of climate change mitigation outcomes (soil carbon sequestration, nutrient utilisation and greenhouse gas emission) will be assessed in field. Root2Res will integrate a strong interaction with stakeholders all through the project, particularly breeders and farmers. The ambition of Root2Res is to deliver crops adapted to changing environments and able to mitigate climate change, by utilising existing genetic diversity for breeding programs in a range of crop species essential to cropping systems and then widening understanding to crops suitable for resilient future systems. This ambition will be supported by the joined commitment of a multidisciplinary partnerships across Europe and beyond.