Predicting and Preventing High-Risk Adolescent Behavior

项目摘要 危险性行为(RSB)(即不一致地使用避孕套、多性伴、饮酒或性行为 性传播感染(STI)和意外怀孕的机会增加。女孩们都是 受影响不成比例；在美国，每年每四名15-19岁的性活跃女性中就有一人 估计有性传播感染，15%有意外怀孕经历。了解以下机制 将一些女孩置于更大的风险从事性传播对于减少性传播感染的公共卫生负担和 少女怀孕。奖赏加工和母亲教养方式预测青春期女孩的RSB，但它们是如何 互动是未知的。母亲的抑郁史也预示着青春期的RSB，可能是通过其负面影响 关于育儿方面的。阐明神经风险因素和家庭背景过程之间的相互作用可能导致 创新的、个性化的预防性干预，在根深蒂固之前扰乱RSB的模式。 在目前的F32申请中，候选人寻求在尚未入学的情况下实现以下目标， 作为正在进行的研究的一部分招募的12-16岁青少年、女孩及其母亲的分样本(n=80) 严重抑郁障碍(MDD)的代际传播(K23MH113793)。一半的母亲 (n=40)将有复发MDD病史，一半将没有精神病史(n=40)。这个 候选人建议利用经济高效的事件相关电位(ERP)，从脑电中提取 (EEG)，以确定更大的神经奖赏反应是否预测女孩18个月后的RSB(目标1)。 候选人还将描述母亲的育儿方式是否会缓和影响(目标2)。的高风险性设计 样本将确保在育儿和青少年RSB中有足够的变异性。这位候选人试图在此基础上再接再厉 她在儿童时期的发展精神病理学和生物社会互动方面的强大背景通过获得 新的培训：1)青少年健康危险行为和心理健康；2)发展情感 神经科学和EEG/ERP方法；以及3)高级纵向统计。培训将在 伊利诺伊大学芝加哥分校卓越而独特的跨学科环境。她将联合训练 在新成立的传播和实施科学中心和新闻部 精神病学，它有着浓厚的情感神经科学研究传统。候选人的导师Dr。 Donenberg，Burkhouse，Shankman，Bhaumik在青少年健康危险行为和心理方面拥有专业知识 健康、发展情感神经科学方法(例如，脑电/事件相关电位)、纵向高风险设计，以及 高级纵向分析。拟议的研究将为未来项目的设计提供信息，审查是否 神经和家庭的风险机制可以在个性化的艾滋病毒/性传播感染风险降低中协同作用 程序。完成学习和培训目标将使候选人能够建立一个独立的计划 研究的重点是改善生活在高危环境中的青年的健康和行为结果。

Project Abstract Risky sexual behavior (RSB) (i.e., inconsistent condom use, multiple partners, sex while using alcohol or drugs) increases chances of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and unintended pregnancy. Girls are disproportionately affected; each year one in four sexually active 15-19 year-old females in the U.S. are estimated to have an STI and 15% experience unintended pregnancies. Understanding the mechanisms that place some girls at greater risk for engaging in RSB is crucial for reducing the public health burden of STIs and teenage pregnancy. Reward processing and maternal parenting predict adolescent girls' RSB, but how they interact is unknown. Maternal history of depression also predicts adolescent RSB, likely via its negative impact on parenting. Elucidating interactions between neural risk factors and family contextual processes could lead to innovative, personalized preventative interventions that disrupt patterns of RSB before they become engrained. In the current F32 application, the candidate seeks to address the following aims in a yet to be enrolled, subsample (n = 80) of 12-16 year-old adolescents girls and their mothers, recruited as part of an ongoing study of the intergenerational transmission of major depressive disorder (MDD) (K23MH113793). Half of the mothers (n = 40) will have histories of recurrent MDD and half will have no history of psychopathology (n = 40). The candidate proposes to utilize cost-efficient event-related potentials (ERP), derived from electroencephalogram (EEG), to identify whether greater neural reward responsiveness predicts girls' RSB over 18 months (AIM 1). The candidate will also delineate if maternal parenting moderates effects (AIM 2). The high-risk design of the sample will ensure adequate variability in parenting and adolescent RSB. The candidate seeks to build upon her strong background in developmental psychopathology and biosocial interactions in childhood by gaining new training in: 1) adolescent health-risk behaviors and mental health; 2) developmental affective neuroscience and EEG/ERP methodology; and 3) advanced longitudinal statistics. Training will occur in an outstanding and unique interdisciplinary environment at the University of Illinois at Chicago. She will jointly train in the newly established Center for Dissemination and Implementation Science and in the Department of Psychiatry, which has a strong tradition of affective neuroscience research. The candidate's mentors Drs. Donenberg, Burkhouse, Shankman, Bhaumik have expertise in adolescent health risk behaviors and mental health, developmental affective neuroscience methods (e.g., EEG/ERP), longitudinal high-risk designs, and advanced longitudinal analysis. The proposed study will inform the design of future projects examining whether neural and family mechanisms of risk can be synergistically targeted within personalized HIV/STI risk reduction programs. Accomplishing the study and training goals will allow the candidate to build an independent program of research focused on improving health and behavior outcomes for youth living in high-risk environments.