Interactions of Climate Change on Oceans and Human Health: Assessment of Effects on Ocean Health Related Illness and Disease and Development of Prevention Strategies to Better Protect Public Health

项目摘要 气候变化相互作用评估和预测中心的总体目标是： 海洋和人类健康（CAPICCOHH或中心）是“加强我们对气候作用的认识， 改变可能在影响弧菌细菌感染和蓝细菌毒素生产方面发挥作用，以开发工具 这将告知公众相关的风险，并减少对风险不利人群的危害， 不利影响”。气候变化的影响，包括气候变化的个别影响和相互影响， 温度升高、盐度改变和pH值降低（酸度增加）对弧菌（V. vulnificus 和副溶血性弧菌）和蓝细菌，以确定生物膜中是否存在增加 形成毒力和抗生素抗性的弧菌细菌和增加的增长，水华动态， 蓝细菌产生的毒素可能影响人类健康和软体贝类海产品安全。 这将涉及多因素实验室实验和实地研究的结合，以确定气候变化- 可能增加创伤弧菌的毒力和抗生素耐药性的相关机制 和副溶血弧菌以及铜绿微囊藻的水华动力学和毒素产生， 和水华鱼腥藻。特别关注盐度变化如何可能 影响蓝藻毒素将是这些实验的主要焦点。化学研究将集中在 确定气候变化在减缓微生物群体感应和有害藻华毒素方面的作用 养殖和自然沃茨中的生产，以及开发 气候变化驱动的地表水成分变化对有害藻类的动力学和副产品的影响 水华毒素在阳光照射的沃茨和沉积物表面的氧化。此外，来自湖底的沉积物岩心将被 分析蓝藻毒素的残留水平，并将使用放射性同位素进行日期测定， 气候的历史变化。新型生物化学物质转运和转化的毒理学研究 这些重要的传染因子，蓝细菌毒素和微塑料，单独和混合物也将 沿着潜在的接触机制以及在哺乳动物模型和 软体动物贝类个体和混合暴露于高毒力和 耐抗生素弧菌、剧毒蓝藻毒素和水和海产品中的微塑料 （软体动物贝类）将调查对器官，炎症和疾病的不良影响， 哺乳动物模型，以表明气候变化对人类健康的影响。这些项目将由 一个行政核心（主任和副主任），负责中心的日常运作，并监督 项目的合作和整合以及社区参与核心， 将技术成果转化为信息产品和预报，提醒公众，更好地保护公众健康。

PROJECT SUMMARY The overall goal of the Center for the Assessment and Prediction of the Interactions of Climate Change on Oceans and Human Health (CAPICCOHH or the Center) is to “Enhance our knowledge of the role climate change may play in affecting Vibrio bacterial infections and Cyanobacterial toxin production to develop tools that will inform the public of the associated risks and reduce hazards to risk adverse populations that may be adversely affected”. The effects of climate change including both the individual and interactive effects of increased temperature, altered salinity, and reduced pH (increasing acidity) on Vibrio bacteria (V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus) and Cyanobacteria will be assessed to determine if there are increased in biofilm formation virulence and antibiotic resistance in Vibrio bacteria and increased growth, bloom dynamics and toxin production in Cyanaobacteria that may affect human health and seafood safety in molluscan shellfish. This will involve a combination of multi-factorial lab experiments and field studies to identify climate change- related mechanisms that may increase the virulence and antibiotic resistance of Vibrio bacteria, V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus and bloom dynamics and toxin production of Microcyctin aeruginosa, Cylindrospermopsis raciborkskii and Anabaena flos-aquae. Specifc focus on how salinity alternations may affect Cyanobacterial toxins will be a major focus of these experiments. Chemical studies will focus on determining the role of climate change in moderating microbial quorum sensing and harmful algal bloom toxin production in cultures and natural waters and in development of comprehensive multifactorial models of climate change driven alterations in surface water composition on the kinetics and by-products of harmful algal bloom toxin oxidation in sunlit waters and on sediment surfaces. Also sediment cores from lake bottoms will be analyzed for relic levels of Cyanobacterial toxins and will be dated using radio-isotope to and compared to historical changes in climate. Toxicological investigation of novel biogeochemical transport and transformation of these important infectious agents, Cyanobacterial toxins and microplastics, alone and in mixtures will also be studied, along with potential exposure mechanisms and resulting toxicology in mammalian models and in molluscan shellfish. The interactive effects of both individual and mixture exposures to highly virulent and antibiotic resistant Vibrio bacteria, highly toxic Cyanobacterial toxins and microplastics in water and seafood (molluscan shellfish) will be investigated for adverse effects on organs, inflammation and disease using mammalian models to indicate effects of climate change on human health. These projects will be managed by an Administrative Core (Director and Deputy Director) who will operate the Center on a daily basis and oversee the collaboration and integration of the projects and a Community Engagement Core which will translate technical findings into informational products and forecast that alert the public and better protect public health.