Online assessment and enhancement of auditory perception for speech sound errors

项目摘要/摘要 在发育性语音障碍中，影响语音准确性和可理解性的错误可能会造成 参与学术和社会环境的障碍[1，2]，可能造成终生后果[3]。介于 2%-5%的说话者表现出持续到青春期甚至成年期的残余言语错误(RSE)[4， 5、6]并且被认为是特别具有挑战性的治疗。以前的文献已经确定了 言语运动学习的听觉-知觉目标和反馈，包括在RSE[7，8]中，但有必要 以进行进一步的研究，以测量听觉敏锐度并检查听觉-知觉训练在RSE中的效果。 此外，新冠肺炎疫情迫使研究人员重新评估某些做法，包括哪些可以 与面对面[9，10]相比，在网上有效地完成任务。临床上，远程实践已被证明是安全的关键 在社交距离期间提供言语治疗服务[11]。即使在大流行消退之后，我们仍有可能 看到向在线研究数据收集和语音服务远程实践交付的长期转变。 然而，迫切需要精心设计的研究来支持这些远程方法的有效性。 这一建议的总体目标是扩大我们对感知-生产关系的基本理解 在评估涉及知觉评估和听觉增强训练的任务是否在 在线形态。我们专注于两种易于适应远程实践的听觉增强治疗方法 背景、视-声生物反馈[12、13、14]和听觉-知觉训练[15、16、8]。我们的目标是 有错误影响美国英语/r/发音的儿童，被认为是最常见的RSE形式。目标 1将为/r/和/r/的两个理论上激励的听觉感知测量收集在线规范数据 将通过与实验室收集的现有数据集进行比较来评估这些措施的有效性 布景。我们将对具有RSE的参与者实施相同的措施，这将允许我们分配他们 以循证的方式对我们提出的两项治疗研究进行评估。具有典型认知的个人将是 分配给Aim 2研究的是一项随机对照试验，测量在线视听的Effi准确性 生物反馈治疗相对于等待名单比较条件。有非典型知觉的个体将是 分配给Aim 3研究，该研究将测量在线听觉-知觉训练对 无论是感知领域还是生产领域。我们的中心假设是，这两种形式的听觉增强训练 将与远程实践服务提供方面的积极治疗效果相关联。 这项研究将通过贡献fifi对生物反馈作用的第一次研究来推进证据基础 在远程练习环境下的治疗和听觉-知觉训练。感知评估的在线工具 在这个项目中开发的培训将与临床医生和研究人员免费分享。拟议的研究 将因此为临床医生和受新冠肺炎影响的儿童提供立竿见影的好处，同时也使 作为新技术的贡献重塑了fic研究和治疗在语言病理学中的应用。

Project Summary/Abstract In developmental speech sound disorder, errors affecting the accuracy and intelligibility of speech can pose a barrier to participation in academic and social settings [1, 2], with potentially life-long consequences [3]. Between 2-5% of speakers exhibit residual speech errors (RSE) that persist through adolescence or even adulthood [4, 5, 6] and are considered particularly challenging to treat. Previous literature has established the importance of auditory-perceptual targets and feedback for speech-motor learning, including in RSE [7, 8], but there is a need for further research to measure auditory acuity and examine the effects of auditory-perceptual training in RSE. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has forced researchers to reassess certain practices, including what can be effectively accomplished online versus in person [9, 10]. Clinically, telepractice has proven essential for safe delivery of speech therapy services during social distancing [11]. Even after the pandemic subsides, we are likely to see a long-term shift toward online collection of research data and telepractice delivery of speech services. However, there is a pressing need for well-designed studies to support the validity of these remote approaches. The overall objective of this proposal is to expand our basic understanding of perception-production relations while evaluating whether tasks involving perceptual assessment and auditory-enhanced training are valid in the online modality. We focus on two auditory-enhanced treatment approaches readily adaptable to the telepractice context, visual-acoustic biofeedback [12, 13, 14] and auditory-perceptual training [15, 16, 8]. We will target children with errors affecting the American English /r/ sound, considered the most common form of RSE. Aim 1 will collect online normative data for two theoretically motivated measures of auditory perception for /r/ and will evaluate the validity of these measures by comparison with an existing dataset collected in the laboratory setting. We will administer the same measures to our participants with RSE, which will allow us to allocate them to our two proposed treatment studies in an evidence-based fashion. Individuals with typical perception will be assigned to the Aim 2 study, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) measuring the efficacy of online visual-acoustic biofeedback treatment relative to a waitlist comparison condition. Individuals with atypical perception will be allocated to the Aim 3 study, which will measure the effects of online auditory-perceptual training on outcomes in both perception and production domains. Our central hypothesis is that both forms of auditory-enhanced training will be associated with positive treatment effects in the context of telepractice service delivery. This research will advance the evidence base by contributing the first studies of the efficacy of biofeedback treatment and auditory-perceptual training in the telepractice context. The online tools for perceptual assessment and training developed in this project will be freely shared with clinicians and researchers. The proposed research will thus offer immediate benefit to clinicians and children affected by COVID-19 while also making a long-term contribution as new technologies reshape scientific research and treatment delivery in speech pathology.