Identification of best practices for biodiversity recovery and public health interventions to prevent future epidemics and pandemics - BEPREP

流行病和大流行病-其中大多数是由人畜共患和病媒传播的新出现的疾病引起的-正在以惊人的速度在全球范围内威胁着我们的健康和福祉。预防未来的疾病爆发将是确保人类福祉的关键，并要求进行变革。“生物多样性有益于我们的健康”已成为减轻疾病风险的一个新范例。因此，以恢复生物多样性为目标的自然恢复-单独进行或与公共卫生干预措施结合进行-已被确定为减轻疾病风险的主要工具。虽然全球有数千个正在进行和计划中的自然恢复项目，但我们缺乏以下知识：a）这些恢复是否确实中断了感染-流出-溢出-传播级联并减轻了疾病风险，B）或者它们是否放大了风险，以及c）减轻疾病风险的恢复的成功因素。BEPREP将填补这方面的知识不足，并提供实际指导。在欧洲和热带地区的空间和时间上重复的实地研究和案例研究实验中，我们将研究a）-c），并揭示感染动力学的因果机制和沿着感染-溢出-传播级联的驱动因素。BEPREP的参与性和跨部门的方法，通过积极地让土著和地方社区参与，将能够确定最佳做法的推广和干预的成功因素，包括：以自然为基础的解决方案，以指导未来促进健康生态系统的生物多样性恢复措施。这些成功因素将有助于a）中断感染-流出-溢出-传播级联和B）最终防止疾病爆发。BEPREP的结果有助于建立一个对疾病风险做好准备并作出反应的欧洲社会。因此，BEPREP将加速实现欧盟2030年生物多样性战略所需的生态转型，这是欧盟绿色协议的核心部分，并支持COVID-19大流行后的绿色复苏。

Epidemics and pandemics- most of them caused by zoonotic and vector-borne emerging diseases- are globally threatening our health and welfare at an alarming pace. Prevention of future disease outbreaks will be pivotal to secure human welfare and demands transformative change. "Biodiversity-is-good-for-our-health" has become a new paradigm in disease risk mitigation. Consequently, nature restoration targeting biodiversity recovery - isolated or in combination with public health interventions - has been identified as a major disease risk mitigation tool. While there are thousands of ongoing and planned nature restoration projects globally, we lack knowledge a) if such restorations indeed interrupt the infect-shed-spill-spread cascade and mitigate disease risk, b) or if they rather amplify the risk and c) on success factors characterizing restorations that mitigate disease risk. BEPREP will fill this lack in knowledge and provide practical guidance. In spatially and temporally replicated field studies and experiments in case studies in Europe and the tropics, we will study a)-c) and reveal the causal mechanisms of infection dynamics and of drivers along the infect-shed-spill-spread cascade. BEPREP's participatory and transsectorial approach by actively involving indigenous and local communities will enable the identification of success factors of best practice restorations and interventions, incl. nature-based solutions, to guide future biodiversity recovery measures that promote healthy ecosystems. These success factors will contribute to a) interrupt the infect-shed-spill-spread cascade and b) ultimately prevent disease outbreaks. The results of BEPREP help to create a European society prepared and responsive to disease risk. BEPREP will hence accelerate the ecological transition required to meet EU's Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 as a core part of EU's Green Deal and support a green recovery following the COVID-19 pandemic.