H2Top: Automated power management for hydrogen electrolysis powered by solar PV

H2TOP概念旨在解决当前可再生能源制氢的复杂性和低效率问题，用一种强大、低成本、高能效的新型结构取代传统的电力电子设备。电解制氢传统上需要多个阶段的电力转换，然后才能将电力输送到电解槽堆（一组所有的电解电池）。这会导致显著的效率损失，其中最大的损失发生在DC-AC和AC-DC转换期间。可再生能源和氢气生产工厂通常相隔很远，导致使用电网向工厂输送电力。不包括电力运输和输送（T&D）损失，光伏电站和电解槽之间的净效率损失约为10%，当光伏电站在低太阳辐照水平下运行时，损失更高。氢波通过引入H2Top架构解决了这些问题，该架构消除了太阳能光伏逆变器和电解槽电源，以及它们相关的损耗。通过这些根本性的改变，H2Top将能量传输损失降低到1%以下，同时降低了工厂成本并提高了可靠性。绿色氢预计将在英国净零议程中构成能源结构的很大一部分。该项目使英国能够以比目前更低的成本和更高的效率在当地生产燃料。预计到2030年，威尔士绿色氢的成本将为每公斤4.13英镑，届时将由光伏发电生产。根据IRENA数据和我们自己的内部成本模型，引入H2Top架构可以节省高达18.5%的成本。

The H2TOP concept aims to address the current complexity and inefficiency in producing hydrogen from renewable energy sources, by replacing the conventional power electronics with a robust, low-cost and high energy efficiency novel architecture.Producing hydrogen by electrolysis has traditionally required multiple stages of electric power conversion before electrical power is delivered to the electrolyser stack (a set of all electrolytic cells). This results in significant efficiency losses, with the largest occurring during the DC-AC and AC-DC conversions. The renewable energy sources and the hydrogen production plants are often separated by long distances resulting in the use of the electrical grid to deliver power to the plant. Excluding the electric Transport and Delivery (T&D) losses, the net efficiency loss between the PV power plants and the electrolysers amounts to approximately 10%, with higher losses when the PV plant is operated at a low solar irradiation level.Hydrogen Waves addresses these problems by introducing the H2Top architecture, which eliminates both the solar PV inverter and the electrolyser Power Supply, along with their associated losses. With these radical changes, H2Top reduces the energy transmission losses to less than 1%, while simultaneously reducing plant cost and increasing its reliability. Green hydrogen is forecasted to form a large part of the energy mix within the UK Net Zero agenda. This project is an enabler to produce the fuel locally in the UK at a lower cost and higher efficiency than is currently possible. The cost of green hydrogen in Wales is forecast to be £4.13/kg at year 2030 when produced from PV. According to IRENA data and our own internal cost model, introducing the H2Top architecture could save up to 18.5%.