Co-targeting S6 and TAM kinases in PTEN-deficient glioblastoma

在PTEN缺陷的胶质母细胞瘤中共靶向S6和TAM激酶 项目摘要 核糖体S6蛋白激酶（S6 Ks）在肿瘤抑制基因PTEN缺失时被激活， 胶质母细胞瘤和其他实体和造血组织的癌症。我们以前报道过， S6 K1的失活抵消了癌症中PTEN丢失的代谢和抗凋亡作用，与 在可比较的环境中进行了几次观察。最近，我们研究了药理学抑制剂， 靶向S6 K1，这导致鉴定了对S6 K1的组合抑制的PTEN特异性脆弱性 以及酪氨酸激酶的TAM家族。酪氨酸的TAM家族以其成员命名， 是TYRO 3、AXL和MERTK。TAM酪氨酸激酶在肿瘤学中是高度可靶向的，因为存在几种 晚期临床试验和FDA批准的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂对所有三种活性 成员在验证阶段，使用遗传方法来研究PTEN选择性的要求。 在细胞毒性方面，结果显示TAM激酶的失活足以使PTEN缺陷细胞对细胞毒性敏感。 抑制S6 K1。在本研究应用中，我们建议扩展S6的遗传分析， TAM激酶，以阐明与PTEN缺陷型胶质母细胞瘤背景中的激酶相关的机制。 实验将利用CRISPR Cas9基因组编辑技术来复制S6 K和TAM 激酶家族成员，单独或组合，同时确定信号传导和代谢作用。模型 系统将使用患者来源的肿瘤样本来评估遗传结果的通用性和适用性 胶质母细胞瘤肿瘤/细胞的生理功能。我们预计，结果将提供 机制框架，将告知影响S6 Ks的靶向治疗策略的发展 和TAM本身，或者是它们通路的一部分的信号成分。

Co-targeting S6 and TAM kinases in PTEN-deficient glioblastoma Project Summary The ribosomal S6 protein kinases (S6Ks) are activated in response to loss of the tumor suppressor PTEN in glioblastoma and other cancers of solid and hematopoietic tissues. We previously reported that genetic inactivation of S6K1 counteracts the metabolic and anti-apoptotic effects of PTEN loss in cancer, in agreement with several observations in comparable settings. Recently we investigated pharmacological inhibitors that target S6K1, which led to the identification of a PTEN-specific vulnerability to combination inhibition of S6K1 together with the TAM family of tyrosine kinases. The TAM family of tyrosine is named for its members, which are TYRO3, AXL, and MERTK. TAM tyrosine kinases are highly targetable in oncology, as there are several late-stage clinical trial and FDA-approved tyrosine kinase inhibitors that have activity against all three members. In a validation phase using genetic approaches to investigate the requirements for PTEN-selective cytotoxicity, results revealed that inactivation of TAM kinases is sufficient to sensitize PTEN-deficient cells to inhibition of S6K1. In the present research application, we propose to extend the genetic analysis of S6 and TAM kinases to elucidate the mechanisms that relate the kinases in the setting of PTEN-deficient glioblastoma. Experiments will make use of CRISPR Cas9 genome editing technologies to inactivate the S6K and TAM kinase family members, alone or in combination, while determining signaling and metabolic effects. Model systems will employ patient-derived tumor samples to assess the generality and applicability of genetic results to physiologic functions of glioblastoma tumors/cells. We anticipate that the results will provide the mechanistic framework that will inform the development of targeted therapeutic strategies affecting the S6Ks and TAMs themselves, or signaling components that are part of their pathways.