Investigation of Momentary, Prospective Associations Between Working Memory and Eating Behavior in Children

项目摘要/摘要-与原始版本不变 儿童超重和肥胖仍然是主要的公共卫生问题。失控进食是一种 影响大约30%超重/肥胖儿童和青少年的肥胖相关表型 并可能阻碍成功的体重控制。儿童超重/肥胖与低脂饮食有关 在执行功能方面相对不足。特别是，我们最近公布的数据表明，年轻人 与长期进食和伴随的超重/肥胖相比，他们的工作记忆(WM)更差 超重/肥胖和非超重同龄人。这些递减可能会抑制它们的适应能力 对与进食有关的环境和内部暗示做出反应。先前研究的一个局限性是，它在很大程度上 专注于神经认知过程中的个体差异，从而未能告知我们对 这些过程如何时不时地驱动进食行为，并限制 在个人食用低碳水化合物的风险最大时，可以实时提供的干预措施。 此R03应用程序建议使用生态瞬时评估(EMA)和经过验证的饮食 评估(营养研究数据库系统；NDSR)在以下情况下评估饮食行为 急性WM，并评估WM的波动是否与摄入LOC或过量能量摄入有关 儿童(10-17岁)进食LOC和超重/肥胖与超重/肥胖和非超重/肥胖的比例 超重的同龄人。申请人是目前的K23接受者(DK-105234)，其研究计划有 重点阐明超重/肥胖青少年进食低脂食物的病因和维持方法。这个 申请人在瞬间评估饮食背后的情感和神经认知过程方面的专业知识- 而与体重相关的疾病构成了当前提案的基础。特别是，申请者拥有广泛的 使用EMA近实时了解进食不良的前因和后果的经验 在自然环境中。EMA是在WM环境下研究饮食行为的理想工具，因为它允许 对感兴趣的人内和人与人之间的变量进行前瞻性、瞬时的评估。在建议的 研究中，参与者将通过EMA监测他们的饮食行为14天，并在3日完成饮食召回 在同一时间段内随机选择的日期。他们还将完成EMA的数值和空间任务 WM。关于潜在协变量(例如，情绪)的数据也将通过EMA收集。这些数据将澄清时间和 低碳水化合物摄入量和膳食摄入量与工作绩效的关系。这项研究是第一次使用 EMA澄清短暂的WM表现是否与饮食行为有关，具有明显的进步潜力 对促进青年饮食不良发生机制的科学和临床认识 并告知干预措施，以减轻他们累积的个人和社会负担。此外，这项建议 为调查人员提供了一条明确的独立途径，并将使她能够寻求未来的R01资金 了解西医训练对饮食和体重相关结果的影响。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT - NO CHANGE FROM ORIGINAL Pediatric overweight and obesity continue to be major public health issues. Loss of control (LOC) eating is an obesity-related phenotype that affects approximately 30% of children and adolescents with overweight/obesity and may impede successful weight control. Both pediatric overweight/obesity and LOC eating are associated with relative deficiencies in executive functioning. In particular, our recently published data suggest that youth with LOC eating and concomitant overweight/obesity have poorer working memory (WM) than their overweight/obese and non-overweight peers. These decrements may inhibit their abilities to adaptively respond to environmental and internal cues related to eating. A limitation of prior research is that it has largely focused on individual differences in neurocognitive processes, thereby failing to inform our understanding of how these processes may drive eating behavior on a moment-to-moment basis and limiting development of interventions that can be delivered in real time when individuals are most at risk for engaging in LOC eating. This R03 application proposes to use ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and validated dietary assessment (Nutritional Database System for Research; NDSR) to assess eating behavior in the context of acute WM, and assess whether fluctuations in WM are related to LOC eating or excess energy intake in children (10-17 years) with LOC eating and overweight/obesity relative to their overweight/obese and non- overweight peers. The applicant is a current K23 recipient (DK-105234) whose program of research has focused on clarifying the etiology and maintenance of LOC eating in youth with overweight/obesity. The applicant's expertise in momentary assessment of affective and neurocognitive processes underlying eating- and weight-related disorders forms the basis of the current proposal. In particular, the applicant has extensive experience utilizing EMA to understand antecedents and consequences of maladaptive eating in near real time in the natural environment. EMA is ideal for investigating eating behavior in the context of WM as it allows for prospective, momentary assessment of within- and between-person variables of interest. In the proposed study, participants will monitor their eating behavior via EMA for 14 days, and dietary recalls completed on 3 randomly selected days during this same period. They will also complete EMA tasks of numerical and spatial WM. Data on potential covariates (e.g., mood) will also be collected via EMA. These data will clarify timing and trajectory of LOC eating and dietary intake in relation to WM performance. This study, which is the first to use EMA to clarify if momentary WM performance is related to eating behavior, has clear potential to advance scientific and clinical understanding of mechanisms that promote the occurrence of maladaptive eating in youth and inform interventions to alleviate their cumulative personal and societal burden. Furthermore, this proposal provides a clear pathway to independence for the investigator, and will enable her to pursue future R01 funding to understand the impact of WM training on eating- and weight-related outcomes.