Social Media as a Predictor of Proximal Risk in Youth Suicide Attempt Study

自杀是年轻人的第二大死因，年轻人的自杀率一直是 在过去的10年里稳步增长。新出现的人口数据也表明自杀率在上升 在青少年之前和早期，特别是在女性和非裔美国人中。不幸的是， 青少年自杀率上升和这些令人震惊的人口趋势的根本原因是 还不能理解。虽然还没有建立起因果关系，但社交媒体的上升趋势 过去十年的使用与自杀率的上升不谋而合。在……的发展阶段 童年后期和青春期，当个人对社会地位和反馈变得敏锐协调时 从同龄人的角度来看，社交媒体的使用可能会从积极和消极两方面改变人际体验 方式，包括更频繁地获得社会支持的机会以及同伴受害和社会 比较一下。值得注意的是，报告称每天使用社交媒体网站超过2小时的青少年 可能会报告不良的心理健康结果，如心理困扰和自杀念头。 消极向上的社会比较和网络欺凌与抑郁、焦虑、 以及青少年的自杀意念。每天24小时使用社交媒体也可能有助于睡眠 困难。此R21应用程序的目的是检查自杀未遂的近端前驱因素 在100名10-17岁的年轻人中，有自杀未遂需要住院治疗和 将他们与因非慢性病或伤害而入院的同等数量的对照组进行比较 与自杀未遂有关。除了评估已知的风险因素外，这项研究还将检查 自杀未遂前SM使用频率、持续时间、时间和内容的模式： 客观地使用创新的方法收集带有时间戳的SM文本和表情符号，主观地从 父项和子项报表。我们将探索精神病理学的变化，SM的使用，积极和消极 使用SM的后果，以及在跨群体尝试自杀之前的自杀意念和行为 在尝试之前的一年。我们还将探索年龄差异[(学龄前和早期青少年(10-13岁)) 与中晚期青少年(14-17岁)]、种族、生物学性别和自我报告的性别 这项R21申请中提出的研究是通过以下方式解决科学中的一个主要差距的第一步 识别数字风险因素并在可能的领域中描述青年自杀未遂者的特征 有助于增加青少年自杀行为的比率。这项研究的结果将提供可行性 以及未来在更大样本中提交预期R01的初步数据。这些发现可能会增加 对目前已知的自杀行为的临床预测指标和有助于早期识别具有重要意义 和自杀风险的管理。

Suicide is the second leading cause of death among young people and suicide rates in youth have been steadily increasing over the past 10 years. Emerging demographic data also point to rising suicide rates in pre-teens and early adolescents, particularly among females and African Americans. Unfortunately, the underlying reasons for the rising rates of youth suicide and these alarming demographic trends are not yet understood. While no causal association has been established, the upward trend in social media usage over the past decade coincides with the rise in suicide rates. During the developmental periods of late childhood and adolescence, when individuals become acutely attuned to social status and feedback from peers, social media use may transform interpersonal experiences in both positive and negative ways, including more frequent opportunities for social support as well as peer victimization and social comparison. Notably, teens who report using social media sites greater than 2 hours a day are more likely to report poor mental health outcomes, such as psychological distress and suicidal ideation. Negative upward social comparison and cyberbullying have been associated with depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation in adolescents. Social media use, 24/7 availability, may also contribute to sleep difficulties. The objective of this R21 application is to examine proximal antecedents of suicidal attempt in 100 youth between the ages of 10-17 with suicide attempts requiring medical hospitalization and compare them to an equal number of controls who were admitted for non-chronic illness or injury not related to suicide attempt. In addition to assessment of known risk factors, this study will examine patterns in the frequency, duration, timing and content of SM use prior to the index suicide attempt: objectively using innovative methods to collect time-stamped SM text and emojis, and subjectively from parent and child report. We will explore variations in psychopathology, SM use, positive and negative consequences of SM use, and suicidal ideation and behavior prior to attempt across the groups over the year prior to attempt. We will also explore differences by age [(pre-and early adolescents (age 10-13) vs. middle and late adolescents (age 14-17)], race, biological sex and self-reported gender The research proposed in this R21 application is the first step to address a major gap in the science by identifying digital risk factors and characterizing youth suicide attempters in domains that may contribute to increased rates of youth suicidal behavior. Findings from this study will provide feasibility and preliminary data for a future prospective R01 submission in a larger sample. The findings could add significantly to currently known clinical predictors of suicidal behavior and aid in earlier identification and management of suicidal risk.