Training in Advanced Data Analytics to End Drug-Related Harms (TADA)

摘要：美国国立卫生研究院和美国国立卫生研究院行为与社会科学研究办公室主任柯林斯和莱利， 将21世纪的数据革命描述为潜在的社会和行为科学的“变革性” (SBS)研究。技术的突飞猛进催生了大量新颖的大数据来源： 以2018年为例，每天有5亿条微博被推送，24.8亿用户使用Facebook。 数据革命也促进了行政数据的大规模增长，因为政府和其他机构 实体将其数据数字化(例如，疾控中心拥有美国数十亿处方的数据)。康斯特拉- 推文、帖子和管理数据的发布为SBS研究人员提供了“变革性”的机会 迅速识别对健康的威胁；比以往任何时候都更全面地、往往是实时地描述 人们兴旺发达、受苦受难和死亡的条件；并开发新的干预措施。 没有什么地方比解决21世纪的危机更迫切地需要这样的转变：实质性的 使用障碍(SUD)。2017年，卫生部宣布阿片类药物危机为全国紧急状态，有1140万人 阿片类止痛药的滥用和过量导致7万人死亡，导致美国人预期寿命下降。 然而，我们未能为下一代SBS研究人员做好参与这些变革的准备- 积极的工具。扫描10所顶尖公共卫生学校行为和社会科学系的教学大纲 揭示了必修的方法课程以已有数十年历史的多层次和结构方程模型而告终。 方法装备不良，无法利用新出现的数据来催化变革的方法，以结束南方共同市场的流行。 在来自11个部门的45名埃默里教员的支持下，拟议的培训计划(TADA)将 培养一支21世纪SBS研究人员的多样化队伍，以开发变革的方法来结束SUD 危机。Tada将为学员做好伦理、批判性和无缝集成先进数据科学的准备 方法进入SSD的SBS研究生命周期。学员将学习：(1)进行理论上知情的行为 利用先进的数据科学方法研究与疾病相关的危害的分布和生态；(2) 进行理论上知情的研究，激励和评估政策和方案干预， 可能会影响与性病相关的危害和服务；(3)向多个利益攸关方社区传播调查结果，以 加强努力，结束与严重急性呼吸综合征相关的危害；(4)严格执行道德和责任原则 进行研究。Tada将让学员参加一个全面的指导计划；为期两个学期的课程 实验室由5个模块组成，每个模块都将特定的SBS理论与高级数据科学配对 方法；期刊俱乐部；论文研讨会；5000美元的学位论文助学金；以及埃默里大学的研究轮换 疾控中心和佐治亚州DPH。我们正在寻找两个群体中的5个资助名额，每个名额都有2年的资助， 面向4个专业的博士前学生(行为科学、卫生政策、社会学的健康轨道和 临床心理学)。TADA将通过TADA证书计划将其覆盖范围扩展到受资助的学员之外。

Abstract: Collins and Riley, Directors of NIH and of NIH’s Office of Behavioral and Social Science Research, have described the 21st century data revolution as potentially “transformative” for social and behavioral science (SBS) research. Evolutionary leaps in technology have generated vast arrays of novel sources of Big Data: in 2018, for example, 500 million microblogs were tweeted daily, and 2.48 billion users engaged with Facebook. The data revolution has also catalyzed massive growth in administrative data, as governments and other entities digitize their data (e.g., the CDC has data on billions of prescriptions dispensed in the US). Constella- tions of tweets, posts, and administrative data provide “transformative” opportunities for SBS researchers to swiftly identify threats to health; characterize-more comprehensively than ever before, and often in real time- the conditions in which people thrive, suffer, and die; and develop novel interventions. Nowhere are such transformations more direly needed than to address a 21st century crisis: substance use disorders (SUD). In 2017, HHS declared the opioid crisis a national emergency, as 11.4 million people misused opioid analgesics, and overdoses killed >70,000 people, contributing to a drop in US life expectancy. We are, though, failing to prepare the next generation of SBS researchers to engage these transforma- tive tools. A scan of syllabi from departments of behavioral and social science in 10 top public health schools reveals that required methods courses culminate with multilevel and structural equation models, decades-old methods ill-equipped to leverage emerging data to catalyze transformative approaches to end SUD epidemics. Supported by 45 Emory faculty from 11 departments, the proposed training program (TADA) will prepare a diverse cadre of 21st century SBS researchers to develop transformative approaches to end the SUD crisis. TADA will prepare trainees to ethically, critically, and seamlessly integrate advanced data science methods into the SBS research lifecycle for SUD. Trainees will learn to: (1) Conduct theoretically-informed studies of distributions and ecologies of SUD-related harms using advanced data science methods; (2) Conduct theoretically-informed studies motivating and assessing policies and programmatic interventions that may affect SUD-related harms and services; (3) Disseminate findings to multiple stakeholder communities to strengthen efforts to end SUD-related harms; (4) Critically apply principles of the ethical and responsible conduct of research. TADA will engage trainees in a comprehensive mentoring program; a 2-semester course and lab consisting of 5 “modules,” each of which pairs a specific SBS theory with an advanced data science method; journal clubs; dissertation workshops; $5000 dissertation grants; and research rotations at Emory, the CDC, and the Georgia DPH. We are seeking 5 funded slots across two cohorts, each with 2 years of funding, for pre-doctoral students in 4 programs (Behavioral Science, Health Policy, Sociology’s Health Track, and Clinical Psychology). TADA will extend its reach beyond funded trainees via a TADA Certificate program.