Systems Immunology profiling of respiratory viral infections in vulnerable populations

项目总结/摘要-项目2 急性呼吸道病毒感染（阿尔维）是最常见的全球性疾病， 发病率和死亡率，特别是在弱势群体中。类风湿性关节炎（RA）的治疗方法有哪些？ 感染和呼吸道粘膜炎症风险增加可能导致自身免疫性疾病 严重性。该研究项目的目标是了解免疫缺陷病毒的分子和细胞免疫特征。 RA对阿尔维的反应，以确定这如何影响感染的严重程度和自身免疫性疾病的进展。 该项目包括一个详细的系统免疫学评估急性和长期的气道和适应性 对自然发生的阿尔维的全身免疫应答。项目2将检查患者的这些反应 与早期RA和已建立的RA进行免疫抑制，并将这些反应与匹配的健康人进行比较。 对照该项目是协同与整体计划，利用类似的样品类型，样品的时间 收集和共同的临床终点，但通过研究不同的宿主而有所不同。个别项目受益 从整个项目的共享多组学方法，通过基因组学核心的样本 气道宿主转录组、蛋白质组、上皮甲基化和病毒数量的加工和产生 和表达数据，沿着宿主遗传学。还有一个共享的适应性表型核心， 生成高维细胞术数据，以广泛表征免疫细胞表型， 抗原特异性细胞的鉴定。第一个目的是确定呼吸道先天免疫的差异， 使用多组学方法，在前/早期RA、确诊RA和健康对照中对阿尔维的反应谱 approach.第二个目标将确定适应性细胞反应是否存在差异，包括 病毒特异性和自身抗原特异性群体的详细表征。第三个目标是利用 TotalSeq（scRNA-seq、TCR/BCR测序和表面蛋白定量），以确定 粘膜反应和全身反应之间的关系。这项研究将确定粘膜炎症 有助于自身免疫发病机制和宿主对阿尔维的应答。它将产生新的机械 深入了解成人和RA对急性呼吸道病毒的免疫反应的多样性和共性， 使用尖端的方法来提供机械的见解。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT – PROJECT 2 Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) are the most frequently occurring global illness producing significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in vulnerable populations. Adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased risk for infection and respiratory mucosal inflammation may contribute to autoimmune disease severity. The goal of this research project is to understand the molecular and cellular immune signatures of the RA response to ARVI to determine how this affects infection severity and autoimmune disease progression. The project includes a detailed systems immunology assessment of acute and long-term airway and adaptive systemic immune responses to naturally occurring ARVI. Project 2 will examine these responses in patients with early RA and established RA on immunosuppression and compare these responses to matched healthy controls. This project is synergistic with the overall program by utilizing similar sample types, timing of sample collection, and common clinical endpoints but differs by studying a distinct host. The individual projects benefit from the overall program's shared multi-omics approaches through a Genomics Core for the samples processing and generation of airway host transcriptome, proteome, epithelial methylation, and viral quantity and expression data, along with host genetics. There is also a shared Adaptive Phenotyping Core for the generation of high dimensional cytometry data to broadly characterize immune cell phenotypes and for detailed identification of antigen-specific cells. The first aim is to determine differences in respiratory innate immune profiles in pre/early RA, established RA, and healthy controls in response to ARVI using a multi-omics approach. The second aim will determine if there are differences in adaptive cellular responses including a detailed characterization of viral-specific and autoantigen specific populations. The third aim will utilize TotalSeq (scRNA-seq, TCR/BCR sequencing and surface protein quantification), to determine the relationship between mucosal and systemic responses. This study will determine both how mucosal inflammation contributes to autoimmune pathogenesis and the host response to ARVI. It will produce novel mechanistic insights into the diversity and commonality of adult and RA immune response to acute respiratory viruses and use cutting-edge methods to provide mechanistic insights.