Genetic basis and evolution of thermotolerance in the Saccharomyces yeast species

项目总结 该项目的目标是了解人类耐热性的遗传基础和进化。 酵母菌属。鉴于人们对表型变异的原因已经了解得很多 在物种内部，生殖障碍将遗传分析限制在密切相关的、可生育的 物种。因此，我们对显著表型差异的遗传基础知之甚少。 在更长的时间段内产生的，以及进化热点和历史 偶然性。为了克服这一生殖障碍，我们将使用杂交、蛋白质组学和转基因 酵母菌种类分析。在目标1中，我们将使用以下方法绘制种间杂种的耐热性图谱 染色体互惠丢失和CRISPR诱导有丝分裂重组。这将使我们能够 测量许多基因的综合影响，但也要识别耐热基因并确定： 它们是否通过多重变化的累积影响而演变，以及它们的影响是否 取决于其他基因的变化。在目标2中，我们将研究蛋白质热稳定性的差异。 以及它是否导致映射未检测到的温度依赖适应度效应。在《目标3》中我们 将研究耐热基因在热发散过程中的重复使用 血统。这样做将确定热发散是否需要某些基因，或者可以 以不同的方式实现。这些目标加在一起，将推动种间遗传分析在 以便深入了解复杂且广泛相关的表型的获得 花了数百万年的时间才进化出来。

PROJECT SUMMARY The goal of the project is to understand the genetic basis and evolution of thermotolerance in the Saccharomyces species. Whereas much has been learned about the causes of phenotypic variation within species, reproductive barriers have limited genetic analysis to closely related, inter-fertile species. Consequently, we know little about the genetic basis of substantial phenotypic differences that arise over longer time periods and the importance of evolutionary hotspots and historical contingency. To overcome this reproductive barrier we will use hybrid, proteomic and transgenic analysis of yeast species. In Aim 1 we will map thermotolerance in interspecific hybrids using reciprocal chromosome loss and CRISPR induced mitotic recombination. This will enable us to measure the combined effects of many genes, but also identify thermotolerance genes and determine: whether they evolved through the cumulative effects of multiple changes, and whether their effects depend on changes in other genes. In Aim 2 we will investigate divergence in protein thermal stability and whether it results in temperature dependent fitness effects not detected by mapping. In Aim 3 we will examine the reuse of thermotolerance genes during thermal divergence along independent lineages. Doing so will determine whether thermal divergence requires certain genes or can be achieved in different ways. Together, these aims will push the limits of interspecific genetic analysis in order to provide insight into the acquisition of a complex and broadly relevant phenotype that has taken millions of years to evolve.