Training in Clinical Translational Science: Maximizing the Public Health Impact

项目总结/摘要 该计划的重点是利用医学和临床科学的两个创新发展， 加强心理学和脑科学家的博士前培训，以在理解方面取得突破， 预防和治疗严重的精神病一个发展是，美国国立卫生研究院倡议， 翻译科学（CTS），是由未满足的关键需要，以移动临床相关的科学， 沿着转化管道的发现--从基础科学到临床人群的对照研究 传播和实施，以使一个实质性的公共心理健康的影响。第二 NIMH研究领域标准（RDoC）的制定是出于以下迫切需要： 发展多维度，多单元的分析方法来理解精神病理学。进展 临床心理科学将来自新一代的研究人员，他们在 这两个由NIH推动的发展的交集。本培训计划的最终目标是最大限度地 培养独立的临床研究科学家和具有尖端专业知识的领导者的可能性 转化研究设计，框架和方法，将迎来突破， 确定精神疾病的机制、预防和治疗。经过成功的初步培训 期间（1-4年; 13名学员），要求联邦资金继续支持6名博士前学员， 沿着两名新的机构支助受训人员，为期最多两年。培训机会中心 每个学员的四个基本目标：（1）接触基本概念，理论， 方法，以及CTS和RDoC提供的多个分析单元的范例;（2） 将这一综合框架应用于解决公共卫生问题的研究;（3）学会促进合作 机会，延伸研究的边界都沿着CTS连续和跨多个单位 分析;和，（4）专业发展，继续作为一个独立的临床科学家这条线的研究。 受训人员开始强化培训，首先确定一个公共卫生问题，并将其作为研究重点 努力这些目标将通过以下方式实现：（a）在一名教师的双重指导下开展有组织的研究活动， 主要和“延伸”导师（旨在沿着沿着CTS连续体或跨 分析单位）;（B）对受训人员进行双重研究指导，最终提交国家风险评估申请;（c） 同行、高级学员和专家通过一年的参与对其研究进行指导和反馈- 长期研讨会;（d）量身定制的博士资格考试;（e）课程作业和高级研讨会，重点是 （f）在社区服务系统和《残疾人权利宣言》框架内处理精神健康问题; 发展、负责任地开展研究和撰写赠款;以及（g）系列座谈会和会议 出席会议，以鼓励网络和合作机会。学员与他们的双重导师合作， 结合上述活动设计个性化的学习计划。

Project Summary/Abstract This program is focused on leveraging two innovative developments in medicine and clinical science to enhance the predoctoral training of psychological and brain scientists to make breakthroughs in understanding, preventing, and treating severe psychopathology. One development, the NIH initiative to foster clinical translational science (CTS), is motivated by the unmet critical need to move clinically-relevant scientific discoveries along the translational pipeline–from basic science to controlled research with clinical populations to dissemination and implementation–in order to make a substantive public mental health impact. A second development, the NIMH Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative, is motivated by the critical need to develop multi-dimensional, multi-unit of analysis approaches to understanding psychopathology. Advances in clinical psychological science will come from a new generation of investigators with expertise at the intersection of these two NIH-driven developments. The ultimate goal of this training program is to maximize the likelihood of producing independent clinical research scientists and leaders with expertise in cutting-edge translational research designs, frameworks, and methodologies that will usher in breakthroughs in the identification of mental illness mechanisms, prevention, and treatment. Following a successful initial training period (years 1–4; 13 trainees), federal funds are requested to continue supporting six predoctoral trainees per year, along with two new institutionally supported trainees, for up to two years. Training opportunities center around four basic aims for each trainee: (1) to gain exposure to foundational concepts, theories, and methodologies, as well as exemplars of both CTS and multiple units of analysis informed by the RDoC; (2) apply this integrated framework to research addressing a public health issue; (3) to learn to foster collaborative opportunities that stretch the boundaries of research both along the CTS continuum and across multiple units of analysis; and, (4) develop professionally to continue this line of research as an independent clinical scientist. Trainees begin their intensive training by identifying a public health issue on which to focus their research efforts. These aims are then realized through: (a) structured research activities under the dual mentorship of a primary and a “stretch” mentor (designed to extend the research either along the CTS continuum or across a unit of analysis); (b) dual research mentoring of the trainee leading to submission of an NRSA application; (c) peer, advanced trainee, and expert guidance and feedback on their research through participation in a year- long seminar; (d) tailored doctoral qualifying examinations; (e) coursework and advanced seminars focused on addressing mental health issues within the CTS and RDoC frameworks; (f) workshops in professional development, responsible conduct of research, and grant writing; and (g) colloquia series and conference attendance to encourage networking and collaborative opportunities. Trainees work with their dual mentors to design an individualized program of study in combination with the activities listed above.