Discrimination, Social Cognitive Processes, and CVD Risk among African American Women

项目摘要/摘要 心血管疾病的发病率和死亡率在非裔美国人中持续存在。 尽管在减少心血管疾病风险因素的循证战略方面取得了进展，但妇女的风险仍然很大。非洲 美国女性经常报告与歧视有关的压力，有理由继续探索 将歧视与心血管疾病联系起来的机制。因此，长期的研究目标是 通过阐明和针对独特的方法减少非裔美国女性的心血管疾病 这一人群中心血管疾病的心理生理学相关性。试点的总体目标 该项目是审查研究议定书的总体可行性，以审查 歧视、社会认知过程和心血管疾病风险使用生态瞬时评估[EMA]来 考虑到生态变异性，减少回忆偏差。中心研究假设假设非洲人 美国女性长期的歧视经历导致了不适应图式和认知 加剧被感知的歧视事件的评估。频繁的歧视经历会导致复发 情绪和生理应激反应，随着时间的推移有助于持续的生理应激反应 监管失调。这项研究试图在90名非裔美国女性的样本中检查这些联系 18岁及以上，通过实现以下目标：目标1.检查横截面关联 在歧视(例如，种族、性别)、社会认知过程(例如，早期适应不良图式， 认知评估)、消极情绪和持续的生理失调(变态负荷、端粒 长度)。目标2：研究歧视、社会认知过程、 以及使用EMA的情绪和生理反应。这个SC-2应用程序的首要目标是 通过支持：a)受指导的少数族裔教师，促进申请者长期参与国家卫生研究院的研究 加强研究和b)在EMA和心理生理学研究方面的培训和研究生产力 方法论。这一创新的研究计划，建立在申请者目前的培训和研究基础上 专业知识，将进一步阐明与歧视相关的心血管疾病风险因素和方法 解释了非裔美国女性的生态变异性。这项研究项目的发现 在非裔美国人中更好地宣传心血管疾病风险预防策略的潜力 女人。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality disparities have persisted among African American women despite advances in evidence-based strategies to reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors. African American women often report discrimination-related stress, warranting continued exploration of the mechanisms that link to discrimination to cardiovascular disease. Thus, the long-term research goal is to reduce cardiovascular disease among African American women by elucidating and targeting unique psychophysiological correlates of cardiovascular disease in this population. The overall objective of the pilot project is to examine the overall feasibility of a research protocol to examine associations between discrimination, social cognitive processes, and CVD risk using ecological momentary assessment [EMA] to account for ecological variability and reduce recall bias. The central study hypothesis posits that African American women’s long-term experiences of discrimination contribute to maladaptive schemas and cognitive appraisal that heighten perceived discrimination events. Frequent experiences of discrimination elicit recurrent emotional and physiological stress responses that over time contribute to sustained physiological dysregulation. The study seeks to examine these associations in a sample of 90 African American women aged 18 years and older by accomplishing the following aims: Aim 1. Examine cross-sectional associations between discrimination (e.g., racial, gender), social cognitive processes (e.g., early maladaptive schemas, cognitive appraisal), negative emotion, and sustained physiological dysregulation (allostatic load, telomere length). Aim 2: Examine longitudinal associations (7-days) between discrimination, social cognitive processes, and emotional and physiological reactivity using EMA. The overarching goal of this SC-2 application is to promote the applicant’s long-term NIH research involvement by supporting: a) mentored minority faculty research enhancement and b) training and research productivity in EMA and psychophysiological research methodology. This innovative program of research, building on the applicants’ current training and research expertise, will further elucidate discrimination-related cardiovascular disease risk factors and methodology that accounts for ecological variability among African American women. Findings from this research program have the potential better to inform cardiovascular disease risk prevention strategies among African American women.