Environmental Factors Predicting Risk of Severe COVID Infection

项目摘要/摘要 该项目的目标是确定空气污染对以下疾病的风险和严重性的影响 新冠肺炎病。空气污染可能会增加肺部病毒感染的风险。 有新的证据表明，新冠肺炎疾病可能会在空气污染严重的地区增加。 污染水平很高。确定增加新冠肺炎患病风险的因素将具有 对公共卫生造成重大影响。我们将评估新冠肺炎的发生率、患病率和严重程度 COPD基因内的感染，这是一个特征良好的纵向队列研究对象，患有和 没有现有的肺部疾病。该队列分布在全美的20个临床中心。 国家，包括具有广泛社会经济特征分布的对象，农村 以及城市位置和空气污染暴露。这一队列中的非裔美国人更多 研究对象。我们将在县级模型中对其他社会经济因素进行调整 人口普查数据，并将队列数据标准化为县级疾病流行情况。纵向 新冠肺炎事件与每月空气污染水平变化的分析将是 完成后，将研究先前存在的肺部疾病对结果的影响。空气 污染数据将基于使用卫星和地面对队列的空间分析 对颗粒物、氮氧化物、二氧化硫、一氧化碳和臭氧的监测措施，以确定影响 风险：任何疾病、严重疾病或死亡。空气污染对肺组织结构的影响 新冠肺炎病后的损害将使用冠状病毒感染前后的胸部CT扫描和 队列中的肺活量变化以确定肺部受累的程度和持续影响。

Project Summary/ Abstract The objective of this project is to identify the effect of air pollution on the risk and severity of COVID-19 illness. Air pollution may increase the risk of viral infections of the lung in general and there is emerging evidence that COVID-19 illness may be increased in regions where air pollution levels are high. Identification of factors that increase risk of COVID-19 illness will have major public health impacts. We will assess the incidence, prevalence and severity of COVID-19 infection within COPDGene, a well-characterized, longitudinal cohort of subjects with and without existing lung disease. The cohort is distributed at 20 clinical centers across the United States and includes subjects with a broad distribution of socioeconomic characteristics, rural and urban locations and air pollution exposures. The cohort was enriched for African-American subjects. We will adjust for other socioeconomic factors in the models using county level census data and normalize the cohort data to county level disease prevalence. Longitudinal analyses of COVID-19 incidence in relation to changing levels of monthly air pollution will be done and the impact of pre-existing lung disease on the outcomes will be studied. The air pollution data will be based on spatial analysis of the cohort using satellite and ground monitoring measures of particulates, NOx, SO2, CO and ozone, to identify factors that modify risk of: any disease, severe disease or death. The impact of air pollution on lung structural damage after COVID-19 illness will be measured using pre and post-COVID chest CT scans and spirometric changes in the cohort to identify extent of lung involvement and persistent effects.