Noventa Millas: Migration history, genomic ancestry, and health disparities among Cuban immigrants and Cuban-Americans in the United States

项目总结 作为一个不断增长的美国少数民族，拉丁裔人口传统上被作为一个整体进行研究， 隐含的假设来自不同国家的移民有相似的生活经历，因为 共同语言。此外，有充分的证据表明，土著、黑人和拉丁裔人口 在美国，与非西班牙裔白人相比，他们面临着更多不利的健康后果。为了解决如何 拉丁裔群体的健康结果各不相同，研究工作将受益于专注于了解 来自第一代和第二代移民的基因组祖先和生活经历的变异性 原产国。这项研究项目的目的是整合传统上分离的方法论 通过全面调查社会、基因和性别因素了解健康结果的方法 在这样一个不同的移民族群中，健康的表观基因组决定因素。 在这项工作的F99阶段，我将确定与变异相关的基因类型和社会文化因素 居住在佛罗里达州迈阿密的古巴裔个人的不良健康后果。这项研究工作将 将与西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉美裔研究(HCHS/SOL)一起进行，这是一项多 一项地区性研究，调查不同地区不同拉美裔群体的健康状况 到目前为止，已有16,000多名参与者登记，其中包括2,300多名古巴裔人。这 该项目收集了人口统计、社会文化、家族史、健康和基因数据，以了解健康 在美国，一个庞大的种族群体内部存在着差异。此外，我将收集新的基因组和 社会文化数据，包括通过调查和半结构化访谈收集的数据，供古巴人使用 居住在佛罗里达州迈阿密的后裔，以确定歧视因素是否会导致拉丁裔健康差距；这些 关键数据不能通过HCHS/SOL获得。 在这项工作的K00阶段，我将致力于健康和基因组学的社会决定因素的交集 通过表观基因组学领域的培训和研究。具体地说，我有兴趣调查是否有 是古巴移民潮内部和之间基因组甲基化的不同模式，如果 这些模式与不同的生活体验有关。如果我们观察到甲基化的差异 模式，它们是否与体验不同生活的人群的不良健康后果有关 与不同的社会文化经历，包括歧视经历有关的压力源？超过了 在我的职业生涯中，我计划继续与古巴移民和古巴裔美国人合作，探索 健康的社会决定因素在生物学上体现和表达的机制。我预想 从事博士后工作，将我目前的基因组技能扩展到表观基因组学，并继续 以我的博士培训为基础，研究健康差距和可能影响不利因素的机械性因素 通过现有数据和初级数据收集，对边缘化人群的健康状况进行评估。

PROJECT SUMMARY As a growing U.S. ethnic minority, Latinx populations have traditionally been studied as a monolith, with the implicit assumption that individuals migrating from different countries have similar life experiences due to common language. Additionally, it has been well documented that Indigenous, Black, and Latinx populations face more adverse health outcomes relative to non-Hispanic whites in the United States. In order to address how health outcomes vary within Latinx groups, research efforts would benefit from focusing on understanding the variability of genomic ancestry and life experiences from first and second generation immigrants from a single country of origin. The purpose of this research project is to integrate traditionally separate methodological approaches to understanding health outcomes by comprehensively investigating the social, genotypic, and epigenomic determinants of health within one such heterogeneous immigrant ethnic group. In the F99 phase of this work, I will identify genotypic and sociocultural factors that are associated with variation in adverse health outcomes among individuals of Cuban descent living in Miami, Florida. This research work will be conducted in conjunction with the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), a multi- regional study investigating health outcomes across diverse groups of Hispanics in various locales within the U.S., with over 16,000 participants registered to date, including over 2,300 individuals of Cuban descent. This project has collected demographic, sociocultural, family history, health, and genotype data to understand health disparities within a large ethnic group in the United States. Additionally, I will be collecting novel genomic and sociocultural data, including data collection via a survey and semi-structured interview, for individuals of Cuban descent living in Miami, Florida in order to determine if discrimination factors into Latinx health disparities; these critical data are not available through HCHS/SOL. In the K00 phase of this work, I will work at the intersection of the social determinants of health and genomics through training and research within the field of epigenomics. Specifically, I am interested in investigating if there are differential patterns of methylation across the genome within and among Cuban immigration waves and if these patterns are associated with differential lived experiences. If we observe differences in methylation patterns, are they related to adverse health consequences in populations that differentially experience life stressors associated with varying sociocultural experiences, including experiences of discrimination? Over the course of my career I plan to continue working with Cuban immigrants and Cuban-Americans,in exploring the mechanisms by which the social determinants of health are embodied and expressed biologically. I envision pursuing a postdoctoral position that expands my current genomic skill set into epigenomics and continues to build upon my doctoral training examining health disparities and the mechanistic factors that may impact adverse health in marginalized populations through both existing data and primary data collection.