Menstrual-phase-dependent differences in response to chronic variable sleep loss

摘要 众所周知，睡眠不足与重大的短期和长期健康后果有关，但 关于性别差异对睡眠不足的影响，人们知之甚少。我们和其他人已经展示了 当女性暴露在一晚的烟雾中时，女性的神经行为表现比男性更严重 严重失眠。此外，当按月经周期阶段单独检查这种影响时，处于 卵泡期在黄体期表现出比男性和女性更大的损害，这表明 一种可能的内分泌机制。事实上，我们已经证明，这些业绩差异可能是由 通过性激素介导的核心体温(CBT)的变化，特别是涉及孕酮的比率 (P4)卵泡期和黄体期之间的雌二醇(E_2)。这些发现对以下方面具有重要意义 了解睡眠不足和女性性激素对神经行为表现和 其他健康后果。然而，一个重要的悬而未决的问题是，这些月经期是如何依赖的 在更现实的慢性失眠模式下，差异会影响表现。数百万女性例行公事地 每周每晚睡眠时间少于推荐的7-9小时，并努力补充睡眠 在周末。在男性中，我们已经表明，在这种恢复睡眠期间，任何明显的改善都是短暂的， 随之而来的睡眠不足会导致更快的表现恶化。目前还不清楚这是如何发生的 慢性睡眠丧失和恢复睡眠的不同模式对女性在卵泡期和恢复期睡眠表现的影响 月经周期的黄体期。拟议的工作将填补这一重要的知识空白。在我们提议的 为期11天的住院研究，健康的绝经前妇女将随机分为两组，一组为慢性可变睡眠 不足(重复模式为两晚上床3小时，然后一晚上床10小时-- 床上，相当于我们之前的研究平均值)或睡眠饱和控制(整个10小时的床上时间) 月经周期的卵泡期或黄体期。这份协议将允许我们量化这两种影响 慢性可变睡眠不足对女性神经行为表现的影响及其反应的差异 到整个月经周期的慢性可变性睡眠缺失。我们还将研究CBT、P4和E2在 调停这些反应。作为探索性分析，我们还将评估慢性可变睡眠的影响 睡眠不足对女性性激素循环水平的影响 在整个月经周期中。 有即刻的

Summary It is well known that sleep loss is associated with significant short- and long-term health consequences, but to date the impact of sex differences in response to sleep loss are poorly understood. We and others have shown that women have greater neurobehavioral performance impairment than men when exposed to one night of acute sleep loss. Furthermore, when this effect is examined separately by menstrual cycle phase, women in the follicular phase exhibit greater impairment compared to both men and women during the luteal phase, suggesting a possible endocrine mechanism. Indeed, we have shown that these differences in performance may be driven by sex-steroid-mediated changes in core body temperature (CBT), specifically involving the ratio of progesterone (P4) to estradiol (E2) between the follicular and luteal phases. These findings have important implications for understanding the interactions of sleep loss and female sex hormones on neurobehavioral performance and other health consequences. An important open question, however, is how these menstrual-phase-dependent differences impact performance under more realistic patterns of chronic sleep loss. Millions of women routinely obtain less than the recommended 7-9 hours of sleep per night during the week and attempt to catch up on sleep on the weekend. In men, we have shown that any apparent improvement during such recovery sleep is transient, and that subsequent sleep loss results in more accelerated deterioration in performance. It is unknown how this variable pattern of chronic sleep loss and recovery sleep impacts performance in women during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. The proposed work will fill this important gap in knowledge. In our proposed 11-day inpatient study, healthy premenopausal women will be randomized to either chronic variable sleep deficiency (with a repeated pattern of two nights of 3 hours time-in-bed followed by one night of 10 hours time- in-bed, equivalent to our prior study in mean) or a sleep satiation control (10 hours time-in-bed throughout) during either the follicular or luteal phase of their menstrual cycle. This protocol will allow us to quantify both the impact of chronic variable sleep deficiency on neurobehavioral performance in women and differences in the response to chronic variable sleep loss across the menstrual cycle. We will also investigate the role of CBT, P4, and E2 in mediating these responses. As an exploratory analysis, we will also evaluate the impact of chronic variable sleep loss on E2 and P4 levels to investigate the effect of insufficient sleep on circulating levels of female sex hormones across the menstrual cycle. There is immediate