DESIGNING REMINDER MESSAGES FOR OLDER ADULTS

这个项目的目标是改善口语信息的设计， 老年人的健康服务。健康之间的口头沟通 专业人员和患者越来越频繁地使用自动化 电话提醒系统在健康领域得到普及。 这种快速 自动语音信息技术的发展已经超过了我们 了解在这种情况下的有效沟通。拟议研究 将调查关于健康服务的口头信息的设计， 为了提高理解力，记忆力和对信息的坚持， 保健服务 我们研究了以下信息设计问题：（a）信息内容- 什么类型的信息是遵守所必需的？成年人分享 如何在消息中对这些信息进行排序的首选项？（B） 消息组织-消息是否在组织匹配时更有效 读者偏好？我们将测试口语信息是否更容易 理解并记住与听众有关的知识， 保健任务。(c)消息长度-可以包含多少信息 在提醒信息中有效传达？组织良好的信息 呈现更多的信息而不是组织不良的信息？(d)消息 模态-许多消息可能更有效时，提出的声音比 打印出来的语音预录信息的依从性比 到无消息控制条件。然而，很少有研究表明， 信息可以通过语音或交互式方式有效传达 诸如消息重复或提示之类的特征改善了召回。（五） 口头信息的呈现-口头信息对 通过减缓呈现和强调来增强记忆和坚持 关键信息？ (f)影响因素-在多大程度上 信息因素取决于听众的年龄、教育程度、感知的健康状况 和自我效能，以及对健康服务的信念？听众 可能需要激励他们利用精心设计的沟通。 我们研究了这些信息和听者因素对（a） 信息理解和记忆;（B）受试者如何准确地评估他们的 理解和记忆水平（元认知能力）;（c） 对信息的偏好，包括关于如何激励 信息是;（d）关于信息中描述的服务的信念; （e）自我效能的信念。精心设计的信息是最 可能会提高坚持医疗保健服务，如果他们激励， 并通过提高理解力和记忆力使人们能够坚持下去。的 研究的最后一步将是衡量精心设计的 关于模拟坚持的消息。由此产生的消息设计准则 这项研究将有助于确保语音信息技术， 卫生专业人员之间交流日益频繁 满足老年患者的需求。

The goal of this project is to improve the design of spoken messages about health services for older adults. Spoken communication between health professionals and patients is becoming more frequent as automated telephone reminder systems gain currency in the health field. This rapid development in automated voice message technology has outstripped what we know about effective communication in this context. The proposed research will investigate the design of spoken messages about health services in order to improve comprehension, memory and adherence to messages about health services. We investigate the following message design issues: (a) Message content- What types of information are necessary for adherence? Do adults share preferences for how this information should be ordered in messages? (b) Message organization- Are messages more effective when organized to match reader preferences? We will test if spoken messages are easier to understand and remember when compatible with listener knowledge about the health care task. (c) Message length- How much information can be effectively conveyed in a reminder message? Can well-organized messages present more information than poorly organized messages? (d) Message modality- Many messages may be more effective when presented by voice than by print. Spoken pre-recorded messages have Increased adherence compared to no message control conditions. Yet there is little research on how much Information can be conveyed effectively by voice, or if interactive features such as message repeats or prompts improve recall. (e) Presentation of spoken messages- Can the impact of spoken messages on memory and adherence be enhanced by slowing presentation and stressing critical information? (f) Listener factors- To what extent do these message factors depend on listener age, education, perceived health status and self-efficacy, as well as beliefs about the health service? Listeners may need to be motivated to take advantage of well-designed communication. We investigate the influence of these message and listener factors on (a) message understanding and memory; (b) how accurately subjects assess their level of comprehension and memory (meta-cognitive abilities); (c) preferences for the messages, including beliefs about how motivating the messages are; (d) beliefs about the services described in the messages; and (e) beliefs about self-efficacy. Well-designed messages are most likely to improve adherence to health care services if they motivate as well as enable people to adhere by improving comprehension and memory. The final step in the research will be to measure the impact of well-designed messages on simulated adherence. The message design guidelines resulting from this research should help ensure that voice message technology, an increasingly frequent form of communication between health professionals and patients, addresses the needs of older adult patients.