BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF THE LOWER BACK DURING TWISTING

越来越多的流行病学证据表明， 导致工业中腰痛问题日益严重。 的 拟议研究的总体目标是提供信息， 有助于减少由不对称负荷引起的腰痛， 特别是扭曲。 调查将分析生物力学 扭曲和横向弯曲。 实验将在其中进行， 将在体内测量生物力学参数。 利用这些数据， 完善目前可用的静态生物力学模型，我们将开发 并验证可用于预测和确定 在扭转和侧屈过程中不同躯干肌肉的张力 弯曲和作用在腰椎上的相关力。 模型 将被用来解释现有的指导方针，并提供 为进一步制定此类准则提供科学依据。 的 研究的具体目标是： 1.实验分析在腰椎中发生的力矩， 不对称负荷，并测量躯干肌肉的肌肉活动 在这些负载中。 2.完善现有的静态躯干生物力学模型， 反映新的数据，1）肌肉，肌腱，韧带和骨骼的几何形状; 2)在负荷处理过程中的肌肉功能;以及3）动态提升 与对象1相关的研究中估计的参数。 3.通过实验验证新的躯干生物力学模型 涉及不对称、静态和动态的躯干负载， 躯干肌肌电活动和估计运动学和动力学 参数 4.将脊柱模型输出与现有已发表的指南进行比较 关于各种姿势和不对称负载条件下的提升， 以便对这些现象进行解释，并提供更科学的依据， 今后的指导方针。 这项研究将在两个机构进行：拉什长老会- 圣伊利诺伊州芝加哥卢克医疗中心骨科 密歇根大学安阿伯机械系 密歇根州安阿伯人类工程学和中心。 两 各机构将像过去十年一样密切合作， 实验分析的主要部分在芝加哥进行 模型开发的主要部分是在大学里完成的， 密歇根州。

There is growing epidemiological evidence that asymmetric loading contributes to the increasing problem of low back pain in industry. The overall goal of the proposed research is to provide information that can contribute to reducing low back pain resulting from asymmetric loading, particularly twisting. The investigations will analyze the biomechanics of twisting and lateral bending. Experiments will be conducted in which biomechanical parameters will be measured in vivo. Using those data and refining currently available static biomechanical models, we will develop and validate a model that can be used to both predict and determine the tensions occurring in different trunk muscles during twisting and lateral bending and the associated forces acting on the lumbar spine. The model will be used to interpret existing guidelines and also to provide the scientific basis for further development of such guidelines. The specific objectives of the study are: 1. To experimentally analyze moments occurring in the lumbar spine during asymmetric loading, and to measure muscle activities of trunk muscles during these loads. 2. To refine the existing static trunk biomechanical models of lifting to reflect new data on, 1) muscle, tendon, ligament and bone geometry; 2) muscle function during load handling; and 3) dynamic lifting parameters estimated in research related to objected #1. 3. To validate the new trunk biomechanics model through experiments involving asymmetric, static and dynamic trunk loads while measuring trunk muscle myoelectric activity and estimating kinematic and kinetic parameters. 4. To compare spinal model output with existing published guidelines regarding lifting in various postures and asymmetric loading conditions, so as to interpret these and provide a more scientific basis for such guidelines in the future. The study will be carried out at two institutions: Rush-Presbyterian - St. Luke's Medical Center, Department of Orthopedics, Chicago, Illinois and the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Center for Ergonomics, Ann Arbor, Michigan. The two institutions will work closely together, as they have in the past decade, with the main part of the experimental analysis taking part in Chicago and the main part of the model development being done at the University of Michigan.