Smart railway/metro transportation using optical fibre sensing and Internet of Things (IoTs)

全球铁路行业对提高效率和可靠性的日益增长的需求推动了先进的资产和车队管理工具的市场，包括远程诊断(或预测)和更好的资产规划，为运营商提供真正的性价比。事实证明，铁路电气化的远程监控是一项重大的技术挑战，因为交流机车的电源为25千伏，在任何天气条件下的运行速度都高达350公里/小时。目前可用的测量系统由于其功率传输和数据传输的绝缘要求而显示出局限性。它们的失败会造成严重的后果，并造成大范围的交通中断。该项目通过将光纤传感器集成到受流受电弓中以实现更好的监测和控制，从而利用光纤本身的理想绝缘体特性来应对上述挑战。这进一步得到了物联网的支持，物联网使物联网(传感器)能够交换通过互联网收集的数据，并得到有效的数据处理和实施智能算法的支持，从而创建了用于预测故障、进行诊断和触发维护的智能交通网络。

The increasing demand for improved efficiency and reliability in the rail industry worldwide drives the market for advanced asset and fleet management tools, including remote diagnostics (or prognostics) and better asset planning, offering real value-for-money to operators. Remote monitoring of railway electrification has proved to be a major technical challenge as the AC lomotives are powered at 25kV and travel at speeds up to 350 km/h under all weather conditions. The current measurement systems available have shown limitations due to the requirements of insulation of both their power delivery and data transmission. Their failure has severe consequences and causes a widespread traffic disruption. This project addresses the above challenges by exploiting the ideal insulator nature of the optical fibre itself through integration of optical fibre sensors into the current-collecting pantographs for better monitoring and control. This is further underpinned by the 'Internet of Things' which enables the 'things' (sensors) to exchange data collected via the Internet and supported by effective data processing and implementing intelligent algorithms, allowing a smart transporation network thus to be created for predicting failures, making diagnoses and triggering maintenance.