COMMUNITY SKIN CANCER PREVENTION PROJECT

社区皮肤癌预防项目将测试一种干预措施 旨在通过以下方式增加户外防晒行为 基于社区的随机试验。六个新汉普郡社区将 被随机分配到控制或干预状态。目标群体 因为行为改变是指2到9岁的儿童和 他们的照顾者。 该项目将检验这样一种假设，即一个多方面的、社区范围的 针对卫生保健专业人员、教师、家长和 儿童将减少儿童的紫外线暴露行为在 干预社区与非干预对照的比较 社区。次要假设包括干预假设 社区与控制的比较：(A)公众对危险的了解 紫外线照射以及如何防止紫外线照射会增加；b)专业 关于紫外线照射的危险以及如何提供 预防性咨询将增加；c)专业活动将增加 推广防晒将加大力度。 该项目建立在社区研究的传统之上。 干预和评估方法是从初步的 在达特茅斯完成的工作与初级保健医生、学校、 和社区加强癌症控制，以及初步的 我们在澳大利亚新南威尔士州纽卡斯尔大学的合作者的工作。 结果评估将基于1200名工作人员的直接观察 干预前在公共和日托机构中的儿童，以及 由1200名不同儿童组成的横断面小组，每年两次 随访间隔时间以及与每个孩子的照顾者的访谈 与这些工作人员的观察同时进行。调查： 临床医生、学校和日托管理人员以及药剂师 与防晒相关的知识、技能和行为也将 在三个评估间隔收集。流程和成本 还将对干预的效果进行评估。 该项目将回答这样一个问题：社区范围的干预能否 减少儿童及其父母的紫外线暴露，以及 其他照顾者在两年的随访期内？“，并将提供 国家癌症研究所和感兴趣的中介机构 可携带的社区皮肤癌预防干预措施 已知的功效和成本。

The Community Skin Cancer Prevention Project will test an intervention directed at increasing outdoor solar protection behavior by means of a community-based randomized trial. Six New Hampshire communities will be randomly assigned to control or intervention status. The target group for behavior change is children between the ages of two and nine and their care givers. This Project will test the hypothesis that a multifaceted, community-wide intervention directed at health care professional, teachers, parents, and children will reduce the UV-light exposure behaviors among children in intervention communities compared to non-intervention control communities. Secondary hypotheses include that for intervention communities compared to controls: (a) public knowledge about the dangers of UV light exposure and how to prevent it will increase; b) professional knowledge about the dangers of UV light exposure and about how to provide preventive counseling will increase; c) professional activities to promote solar protection will increase. The Project builds on a tradition of community-based research. Intervention and evaluation methodologies are derived from preliminary work done at Dartmouth on working with primary care physicians, schools, and communities to enhance cancer controls, as well as the Preliminary work of our collaborators at the University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia. Outcome evaluation will be based on direct staff observation of 1200 children in public and day care settings prior to interventions, and cross-sectional groups of 1200 different children at each of two annual follow--up intervals as well as interviews with each child's caregiver done at the same time as these staff observations. Surveys of clinicians, school and day care administrators, and pharmacists knowledge, skills, and behavior relevant to solar protection will also be collected at the three evaluation intervals. The process and costs of the intervention will also be assessed. The Project will answer the question "can a community-wide intervention reduce ultraviolet light exposure among children, their parents, and other care givers over a two-year follow-up period?" and will provide to the National Cancer Institute and interested intermediaries a transportable community-based skin cancer prevention intervention of known efficacy and cost.