PSYCHOENDOCRINOLOGY OF ANABOLIC STEROID CYCLING

目标：这项研究的目标是定义和对比 生理性和超生理性睾酮的药效学效应 (T)下丘脑-垂体-睾丸轴、肝功能、 和性心理功能。方法：本研究采用双盲法。 设计以检验6个假设，包括：1)延长给药时间 男性服用超生理剂量的T会导致脑下垂体抑制 性腺轴，导致一过性腺功能低下状态 戒毒，2)伴随T戒断的性腺功能减退 由下丘脑的缺陷引起的，而不是由垂体或睾丸引起的 功能，3)男性给予超生理学剂量的T 增加与升高的血清相关的攻击性水平 T浓度，4)伴随T的暂时性性腺功能减退 戒断会导致焦虑不安，这与血清水平下降有关 T，5)酪氨酸睾酮(TC)在两种生理状态下的浓度 超生理剂量作为一级动力学被消除。 消除过程，以及6)延长超生理学给药时间 男性剂量的T会导致受试者T实验室的长期变化 具有更高的敏感性和特异性的内分泌参数 比传统的尿液筛查更能鉴定滥用。三十个正常的- 受试者在服用2周的安慰剂后，天真地服用合成类固醇 将被随机分配到每周接受TC剂量100,250， 或500 mg，连续14周。受试者将获得12个 每周连续注射安慰剂以检查戒断效果 TC.每两周一次的实验室研究将包括普通化学筛查， 血和尿类固醇化验，血脂筛查，肝功能检查， 和甲状腺功能测试。精神症状学将会是 使用自我报告措施和单一的-每周前瞻性监测 盲目的观察措施。这些措施将包括巴斯-德基 敌意问卷、自杀意念量表、汉密尔顿抑郁 和焦虑量表、修订的躁狂状态评定量表和简明 精神病学评定量表和症状自评量表。尿液药物筛查 将每隔四周重复一次。所有受试者都将受到严密监视 在研究期间T的内科和精神科并发症的使用。 表现出重大医学或精神功能障碍的受试者 停止研究并转诊为进一步的医疗或 精神病学评估。含义：这项研究将L)描述 长期后遗症和短期神经精神和生物医学影响 生理性和超生理性T剂量的使用和2)改善 原子吸收光谱隐蔽使用的分析测试技术。

AIMS: This goal of this study is to define and contrast the pharmacodynamic effects of physiologic and supraphysiologic testosterone (T) doses on the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis, hepatic function, and psychosexual function. METHODS: This study will use a double-blind design to test 6 hypotheses that include: 1) prolonged administration of supraphysiologic doses of T in men causes a suppression of the pituitary gonadal axis which gives rise to a state of transient hypogonadism after drug withdrawal, 2) the hypogonadism which accompanies T withdrawal results from a defect in hypothalamic rather than pituitary or testicular function, 3) administration of supraphysiologic doses of T in men increases the level of aggression that correlates with the increased serum T concentrations, 4) the temporary hypogonadism which accompanies T withdrawal results in dysphoria that correlates with the decreased serum concentrations of T, 5) testosterone cypionate (TC) at both physiologic and supraphysiologic doses is eliminated as a first order kinetic elimination process, and 6) prolonged administration of supraphysiologic doses of T in men produces prolonged changes in subjects' T laboratory endocrine parameters that have greater sensitivity and specificity for identification of abuse than traditional urine screens. Thirty normal- subject volunteers naive to anabolic steroids, following a 2 week placebo lead-in, will be randomly assigned to receive TC weekly doses of 100, 250, or 500 mg for 14 consecutive weeks. Subjects will then receive 12 consecutive weekly placebo injections to examine the withdrawal effects TC. Biweekly laboratory studies will include a general chemistry screen, serum and urinary steroid assays, lipid screening, liver function tests, and thyroid function tests. Psychiatric symptomatology will be prospectively monitored biweekly using self-report measures and single- blind observatiorial measures. Measures will include the Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory, the Scale for Suicidal Ideation, Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Scales, Modified Manic State Rating Scale, and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and the Symptom Checklist 90. Urine drugs screens will be repeated every fourth week. All subjects will be monitored closely during the study for medical and psychiatric complications of T use. Subjects demonstrating significant medical or psychiatric dysfunction will be discontinued from the study and referred for further medical or psychiatric evaluation. IMPLICATIONS: This study will l) characterize the long-term sequelae and short-term neuropsychiatric and biomedical effects of the use of physiologic and supraphysiologic T doses and 2) improve techniques for analytical testing of AAS covert usage.