ACUTE DRUG EFFECTS ON SIMPLE AND COMPLEX PERFORMANCE

对精神药物作用的研究通常以 安全问题，因此，重点关注需要 相对简单或中等水平的认知和表现。 的 然而，工作场所包含了一部分复杂的认知努力， 还没有被充分捕捉到。 基于实验的知识 精神药物对性能的影响特别有限， 白色领职业。 这个研究项目最近开始评估 精神药物对一系列绩效指标的影响 其从存储器扩展到复杂的方面（例如，管理决策 制作。 在开发具有连续性的准实验模拟之前 独立变量操纵控制、实质性评估 对白色领复杂任务绩效的多方面影响 由于缺乏适当的实验室， 措施 这种模拟技术的可靠性和有效性（即， 在工作场所成功的多个预测）是优秀的。 的 方法收集了一系列认知努力的性能数据， 反映任务的简单、中级和几个复杂方面 性能 该方法已被用来衡量的影响， 处方药和酒精 拟议的研究将继续进行 我们的NIDA资助的研究计划（始于1990年3月）。 它将 采用模拟方法（以及其他一些措施）， 获得有关大麻，咖啡因（治疗和 戒断）和地西泮对简单、中间和复杂性能的影响。 研究采用安慰剂对照双盲交叉设计。 此外，将比较男性与女性的酒精治疗效果。 女性和女性月经周期的不同阶段。 参与者将是这些物质的健康先前使用者，年龄为21岁 第45条（大麻的情况下为35条）。 这项研究旨在 有助于澄清物质对（尤其是白色衣领）的影响 任务表现，以阐明血液水平之间的关系， 复杂的性能，以确定物质剂量对 复杂的性能，并获得潜在的并行信息 物质对不同种类（或水平）的性能的影响， 需要不同的认知努力。 所获得的结果将提供 关于物质对任务影响的先前不可用信息 典型地由白色领劳动力执行的特性。 获得的数据也应该对公共关系活动有用， 旨在劝阻白色领雇员使用精神药物 物质.

Research on psychotropic drug-substance effects has often been guided by concerns with safety and, consequently, has focused on tasks that require relatively simple or intermediate levels of cognition and performance. The work place, however, contains a proportion of complex cognitive efforts that have not been adequately captured. Experimentally based knowledge of psychotropic substance effects upon performance is especially limited for white collar occupations. This research project recently began to assess the impact of psychotropic substances on a range of performance indicators that extend from memory to aspects of complex (e.g., managerial) decision making. Prior to the development of a quasi-experimental simulation with continuous control over independent variable manipulation, assessment of substance effects upon many aspects of complex task performance in white collar occupations was restricted by the absence of appropriate laboratory based measures. Reliability and validity of this simulation technique (i.e., multiple prediction of success at the work place) are excellent. The methodology collects performance data on a range of cognitive efforts, reflecting simple, intermediate and several complex aspects of task performance. The methodology has been used to measure the effects of prescription medications and alcohol. The proposed research will continue our NIDA funded research program (which was begun in March 1990). It will employ the simulation methodology (as well as several other measures) to obtain information about effects of marijuana, caffeine (treatment and withdrawal) and diazepam on simple, intermediate and complex performance. the research employs a placebo controlled double-blind cross-over design. In addition, alcohol treatment effects will be compared for males vs. females and for different stages of the female menstrual cycle. Participants will be healthy prior users of these substances, aged 21 through 45 (35 in the case of marijuana). The research was designed to help clarify the effects of the substances on (especially white collar) task performance, to elucidate the relationship between blood levels and complex performance, to determine the effects of substance dosage upon complex performance and to obtain information on potential parallel substance effects upon different kinds (or levels) of performance that requires diverse cognitive efforts. The obtained results will provide previously unavailable information about substance effects upon task characteristics typically performed by the white collar work force. Obtained data should also be useful for public relations campaigns that are intended to dissuade white collar employees from using psychotropic substances.