INFORMATION IN AUDITORY PATTERNS

描述：（改编自申请人的摘要。） 的能力 我们每天都在用声音处理信息， 复杂而连续的声音变化模式 我们遇到的信号 研究的目的是 通过一个正式的 分析辨别复杂的连续变化的 声音模式而不是语音。 有三个关键要素， 这种方法。 首先，所有努力都由一个单一的 一种方法学框架， 模式被赋予精确的含义，侦听器性能被 相对于一个共同的理论标准进行评估。 二是 听众利用（权重）不同的相对程度 模式中的信息来源是由试验确定的， 对每个实验的数据进行试验分析。 三是 计算模型对未来做出了准确的预测 许多过去的研究结果被招募在一代 关于拟议实验结果的具体假设。 这三个要素结合起来，实现五个具体目标：（1） 提供一个正式的相互作用的描述， 在一个声学维度上的变化， 信息在另一个，（2）测试当前的信息理论 已经提出的考虑非加性的积分 多个干扰源的影响，（3）识别 有助于歧视的特定模式限制，（4） 评估听者检测复杂模式的能力 模式内的统计变异和协变，以及（5） 研究处理合法变化的声音产生的 真实的声源。 在最后一种情况下，理论原则 应用声学来重建声压波形， 因为它是由许多简单的共振物体产生的。 的 建议的研究结果将进一步了解如何 图案中的自然冗余有助于在噪声背景中的检测， 以及侦听器如何处理组件之间的不变关系， 定义模式的动态特性，如语音的动态特性， 其他有意义的声音。

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted From The Applicant's Abstract.) The ability to process information in sound is demonstrated everyday as we make sense of the complex and continuous pattern of variation in the acoustic signals we encounter. The purpose of the research proposed is to achieve a better understanding of this ability through a formal analysis of the ability to discriminate complex, continuously-varying acoustic patterns other than speech. There are three key elements of this approach. First, all efforts are linked by a single mathematical-methodological framework where the information in a pattern is given precise meaning and listener performance is evaluated relative to a common theoretical standard. Second, the relative extent to which listeners make use of (weight) different sources of information within patterns is determined from trial-by- trial analyses of the data from each experiment. Third, a computational model that has made accurate predictions for the results of many past studies is recruited in the generation of specific hypotheses regarding the outcome of the proposed experiments. These three elements are combined to achieve five specific aims: (1) to provide a formal description of the interaction that causes variation in one acoustic dimension to interfere with processing of information in another, (2) to test current theories of information integration that have been proposed to account for non-additive effects of multiple sources of interference, (3) to identify specific pattern constraints that aid in discrimination, (4) to evaluate the listener's ability to detect complex patterns of statistical variation and covariation within patterns, and (5) to investigate the processing of lawful variation in sound produced by real sound sources. In the last case, the principles of theoretical acoustics are applied to reconstruct the sound pressure waveform at the ear as it is generated by a number of simple resonant objects. The results of the proposed studies will further our understanding of how natural redundancies in patterns aid detection in noisy backgrounds, and how listeners process invariant relations among components that define dynamic properties of patterns like those of speech and other meaningful sounds.