A New Approach to Sound Source Identification

声源识别的新方法

• 批准号: 7367067
• 负责人: Robert A Lutfi
• 金额: $ 20.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-03-01 至 2010-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7367067
• 关键词: Acoustics; Area; Auditory; Behavior; Complex; Condition; Cues; Disease regression; Employee Strikes; Equation; Event; Feedback; Glass; Hearing; Individual; Individual Differences; Instruction; Judgment; Methods; Modeling; Motion; Noise; Pattern; Performance; Process; Psychophysiology; Rehabilitation therapy; Relative (related person); Reliance; Research Personnel; Residual state; Sensory; Shapes; Source; Staging; Stimulus; Testing; Training; Vision; Weight; Wine; Wood material; Work; base; musician; novel strategies; programs; response; size; sound; success; technology development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We rely critically on our ability to identify simple objects and events from sound to function normally in everyday listening. Yet, despite its importance, little is known regarding this ability. A new psychophysical method promises to change this situation. Perturbation analysis has enjoyed recent success in vision as a means of revealing decision processes underlying object identification. Here it is applied to the auditory identification of elementary sound sources and their attributes. The application proceeds in three stages: First, the sounds of simple resonant sources are synthesized according to their equations of motion from theoretical acoustics. Second, listener decision strategy is determined from regression weights relating listener judgments to lawful perturbations in acoustic parameters as dictated by the equations for motion. Third, limits in processing are identified by comparing the obtained weights and residuals to those of a maximum-likelihood observer that bases decisions on acoustic information unique to the source attribute(s) being judged. The approach represents a significant advance over past methods that infer decision strategy from performance accuracy or from the effect of placing acoustic cues in unlawful opposition. Specific aims are: (1) to determine precisely how listeners use multiple sources of acoustic information to identify rudimentary sound sources and their attributes, (2) to isolate the factors that limit identification using training feedback and instruction, and (3) to test a general theoretical framework for predicting results in which less accurate though perceptually more robust acoustic cues offer a viable basis for identification. By advancing our understanding of the normal processes underlying sound source identification the results may prove key in the development of technologies and rehabilitative strategies that deal more effectively with the impact of dysfunctional hearing on everyday listening.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们严重依赖于我们从声音中识别简单物体和事件的能力，以便在日常听力中正常发挥作用。然而，尽管它的重要性，很少有人知道这种能力。一种新的心理物理学方法有望改变这种状况。扰动分析最近在视觉上取得了成功，作为揭示物体识别背后的决策过程的一种手段。本文将其应用于基本声源及其属性的听觉识别。应用程序进行了三个阶段：第一，简单的共振源的声音合成根据其运动方程从理论声学。第二，听者决策策略是从回归权重确定的听者判断的合法扰动的声学参数所规定的运动方程。第三，在处理中的限制被确定，通过比较获得的权重和残差的最大似然观测器的基础上唯一的源属性（S）被判断的声学信息的决定。该方法是一个显着的进步，在过去的方法，推断决策策略的性能准确性或从放置在非法反对声线索的影响。具体目标是：（1）精确地确定听众如何使用多个声学信息源来识别基本声源及其属性，（2）使用训练反馈和指导来隔离限制识别的因素，以及（3）测试用于预测结果的一般理论框架，其中不太准确但感知上更鲁棒的声学线索为识别提供了可行的基础。通过推进我们对声源识别的正常过程的理解，这些结果可能证明是技术和康复策略发展的关键，这些技术和康复策略可以更有效地处理听力障碍对日常听力的影响。