STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF NUCLEAR RNP PARTICLES

信使RNA(MRNAs)是在真核细胞的细胞核中形成的，通过 初级RNA聚合酶II的广泛转录后加工 成绩单。这些转录本被称为异质核RNA (HnRNAs)，并且它们在整个过程中都与蛋白质相关 都在原子核中。结合蛋白质的统称 HnRNAs，并且不是其他类别RNP的稳定组件 SnRNPs等复合体是hnRNP蛋白。HnRNP蛋白是贪婪的 RNA结合蛋白与核内hnRNA的加工 置于hnRNA-蛋白质(HnRNP)复合体中。HnRNP的意义 蛋白质是因为它们影响hnRNA的结构，因此 它们的命运和加工成mRNAs。HnRNP蛋白也可能在其中发挥作用 HnRNP复合体与其他核相互作用中的关键作用 结构，在mRNA的核质运输中，它们可能具有 与hnRNA代谢相关的生化活性。此外， HnRNP蛋白是细胞核中含量最丰富的蛋白质之一 因此，培养脊椎动物细胞和hnRNP复合体也令人感兴趣 因为它们是主要的核结构。我们的目标是了解 详细说明基因途径的转录后部分是如何 表达式在单元格中运行。为了做到这一点，我们调查了结构， HnRNP和细胞质mRNA结合的功能和定位 (MRNP)蛋白质和RNP复合体。在这些方面已经取得了很大的进展 在过去的几年里，但仍然有大量的 还有待学习的根本重要性。这次会议的重点是 在这项赠款申请中提出的研究是对 HnRNP蛋白的序列、结构、与RNA的结合 活性，蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用，组装成复合体， 生物化学活性及其在信使核糖核酸生物发生中的作用。

Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are formed in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells by extensive post-transcriptional processing of primary RNA polymerase II transcripts. These transcripts are termed heterogeneous nuclear RNAs (hnRNAs) and they are associated with proteins throughout the time they are in the nucleus. The collective term for the proteins that bind hnRNAs, and which are not stable components of other classes of RNP complexes such as snRNPs, is hnRNP proteins. The hnRNP proteins are avid RNA-binding proteins and the processing of hnRNA in the nucleus takes place in hnRNA-protein (hnRNP) complexes. The significance of hnRNP proteins is that they influence the structure of hnRNAs and therefore their fate and processing into mRNAs. HnRNP proteins may also play crucial roles in the interaction of hnRNP complexes with other nuclear structures, in nucleo-cytoplasmic transport of mRNA, and they may have biochemical activity relevant to hnRNA metabolism. In addition, the hnRNP proteins are among the most abundant proteins in the nucleus in growing vertebrate cells, and hnRNP complexes are thus also of interest because they are major nuclear structures. Our goal is to understand in detail how the post-transcriptional portion of the pathway of gene expression operates in the cell. To do so we investigate the structure, function, and localization of the hnRNP and cytoplasmic mRNA-binding (mRNP) proteins and RNP complexes. Much progress has been made in these areas over the past several years but there is still a great deal of fundamental importance that remains to be learned. The focus of the research proposed in this grant application is the characterization of the hnRNP proteins, including their sequence, structure, RNA-binding activity, protein-protein interactions, assembly into complexes, biochemical activities, and function in mRNA biogenesis.