BADGE - BAttery Degradation for Grid-connected Electric vehicles

车辆到电网(V2G)技术是几年前出现的，当时插电式混合动力汽车(PHEV)和电池电动汽车(Bev)在大约10年前获得了普及和市场份额。V2G技术定义了PHEV和BeV从电池中获取能量的能力，以便将这些能量重新分配给电网。事实上，车辆90%-95%的时间是停放的，因此电池处于空闲状态。V2G提供了在非高峰时段将能量储存在车辆电池中的机会，然后在高峰时段向电网提供电力，以支持电网。它还可以部分解决利用汽车电池作为能量缓冲的可再生能源可变生产问题。研究和研究强调了PHEV/BeV电池支持电网的能力，并强调了其在调峰(降低电力峰值消耗的技术)和频率调节方面的好处。尽管有这些好处，但其他一些研究指出，电池更快退化的风险是采用V2G的主要障碍。该项目旨在通过以下方式扩展最先进的V2G分析工具和模型：(A)将电池退化的准确估计包括在决策框架内；(B)将创建一个智能数据收集和管理基础设施，以量化关键的V2G指标，如车辆可用性、电池电量水平、电池健康状况、电网能源需求。该项目将由AVL动力总成英国公司和华威大学(WMG)组成的财团完成。关键的创新是通过整合电池性能和退化的实时知识来优化汽车和电网之间的能量转移。WMG将扩展其先前的研究，并将提供电池性能/退化的数学模型，而AVL将收集大量实际数据，并开发用于电池控制的智能算法。与V2G操作相关的实时信息，如电池电量、充电器可用性、能源定价，将通过智能集线器显示原型提供给司机。该项目可以帮助汽车制造商在这种扩展使用的基础上开发他们未来的电池及其控制。公用事业/配电公司还将能够规划其未来的投资和政策。政府可以调整和/或创建新的激励措施，以适合V2G应用。最后，可以通过仪表板通知用户其用于V2G的车辆能力。

The vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology emerged few years ago when the plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and battery electric vehicles (BEV) gained in popularity and market share about 10 years ago. V2G technology defines the ability for a PHEV and BEV to draw energy from its battery in order to redistribute this energy to the grid. As a fact, vehicles are 90%-95% of the time parked, therefore battery are idling. V2G offers the opportunity to store energy within the vehicle's battery during off-peak hours and then provide electricity to the grid during peak hours in order to support the grid. It could also partly solve the issue of the renewable energy variable production using vehicle's battery as energy buffering. Studies and researches highlighted the ability of PHEV/BEV battery to support the grid and emphasized its benefits regarding peak shaving (technique to reduce electric peak consumption) and frequency regulation. Despite all these benefits, some other studies pointed out as main barrier for V2G adoption the risk of faster battery degradation. This project aims extend state-of-the-art V2G analysis tools and models by: (a) including within the decision-making framework an accurate estimate of battery degradation and (b) will create a smart data collection and management infrastructure to quantify key V2G metrics e.g. vehicle availability, battery energy level, battery health, grid energy requirements. This project will be achieved by the consortium composed of AVL Powertrain UK and Warwick University (WMG). The key innovation is to optimise the energy transfer between the car and grid by integrating real-time knowledge of battery performance and degradation. WMG will extend its previous research and will provide the mathematical model of battery performance/degradation while AVL will collect a big amount of real-world data and develop smart algorithm for the battery control. Real-time information related to V2G operation, such as battery level, charger availability, energy pricing, will be provided to the driver through a smart hub display prototype. This project could help the car manufacturers to develop their future batteries and its control based on this extended usage. The utilities/distribution companies will also be able to plan their future investment and policy. Government could adjust and/or create new incentives to be suitable for V2G application. Finally, the user could be informed through the dashboard about its vehicle capability for V2G purpose.