GENDER & HEALTH--HISTORICAL & CROSS CULTURAL ANALYSIS

这项拟议的研究旨在系统地调查 健康和健康行为。这项研究利用了几个不同的和 唯一可用的数据集。因此，将有可能审查性别问题。 历史和跨文化背景下的差异以及 确定这些差异的社会文化决定因素。这项研究 涉及对8个具有代表性的样本进行二次分析 美国和日本。四对数据集，按样本匹配 组成、措施和方法程序，允许直接交叉 美国和日本的文化比较。这些数据集 提供健康/健康行为衡量标准的多样性，研究 设计(横断面、队列和纵向)和数据收集 方法(访谈和健康日记)相辅相成 以前的调查中有过。它们共同提供了 以全面和具有成本效益的方式进行调查的基础 影响健康和健康方面性别差异的具体情况 行为。拟议研究的具体目的是确定： 1.当前健康状况内部和各方面的性别差异 文化。 2.美国男性和女性的历史健康趋势 日本。 3.不同历史时期社会角色对健康的影响 文化背景。 4.各种患病行为的性别差异。 5.日常患病经历和患病行为的性别差异 在健康日记中有报道。 6.健康与健康行为因果关系的性别差异。

The proposed study aims to systematically investigate gender differences in health and health behavior. The study capitalizes on several divergent and uniquely available datasets. Thus, it will be possible to examine gender differences within both historical and cross-cultural contexts and to identify the socio-cultural determinants of these differences. The study involves the secondary analysis of eight representative samples in the United States and Japan. Four pairs of datasets, matched by sample composition, measures and methodological procedures, allow direct cross- cultural comparisons between the United States and Japan. These datasets provide diversity in the measures of health/health behavior, research designs (cross-sectional, cohort and longitudinal) and data collection methods (interview and health diary) in a complementary fashion not previously available in prior investigations. Together they provide the basis for a comprehensive and cost-effective approach to the investigation of specific conditions affecting gender differences in health and health behavior. Specific aims of the proposed study are to identify: 1. Gender differences in current health profiles within and across cultures. 2. Historical health trends among men and women in the United States and Japan. 3. The impact of social roles on health in different historical and cultural contexts. 4. Gender differences in various forms of illness behavior. 5. Gender differences in daily experience of illness and illness behavior reported in health diaries. 6. Gender differences in causal linkages of health and health behavior.