EVALUATIVE PROCESSES

描述(改编自申请者的摘要)： 建议的努力是增加对贡献的理解 从评估过程到行为。评价性的倾向，如 表现为接近/回避倾向或渴望/厌恶 反应，在行为环境中无处不在，可以从 对简单刺激的反射性反应，对广义态度的反应 对大类刺激的倾向。特别值得关注的是 多层次的评估过程，可能在给定的 行为背景，以及这些过程之间的潜在交互作用。 这些问题将在黑猩猩身上通过研究一种 来自相互竞争的评价性倾向的强有力的平局 到食物阵列。拟议的研究将审查社会， 这项任务干扰的感性、激励性决定因素。这个 拟议的工作还将测试以下级别的概念模型 评估处理，并将进一步发展这一模式。独行侠- 学期目标是阐明前因后果和 评估过程的神经生物学机制。鉴于独一无二的 黑猩猩的系统发育状况，这个物种可能是最适合 弥合人类与动物文献在评价上的差距 流程。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): The broad goals of the proposed effort are to increase the understanding of the contributions of evaluative processes to behavior. Evaluative dispositions, as manifested by approach/avoidance tendencies or appetitive/aversive reactions, are ubiquitous in behavioral contexts, and can range from reflexive responses to simple stimuli, to generalized attitudinal dispositions to broad classes of stimuli. Of particular interest are the multiple levels of evaluative processes that may be operative in a given behavioral context, and the potential interactions among these processes. These issues will be addressed in chimpanzees, through studies of a potent TIE that appears to arise from competing evaluative dispositions to food arrays. The proposed studies will examine the social, perceptual, and incentive determinants of this task interference. The proposed effort will also test a conceptual model of the levels of evaluative processing, and will further develop this model. The loner- term goal is to elucidate the antecedents, consequents, and neurobiological mechanisms of evaluative processes. Given the unique phylogenetic status of chimpanzees, this species may be optimal for bridging the gap between the human and animal literatures on evaluative processes.