NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND VISCERAL SENSORY NEURONS

结状神经节的内脏感觉神经元支配主要器官 胸部和腹部的系统，是内脏的组成部分 参与维持内环境平衡的反射。这些由胎盘派生的 内脏感觉神经元含有多种神经肽，推测 神经递质，其内容不是静态的。然而，几乎没有 已经知道了流行病对基因表达的影响 成熟结状神经节的神经肽和神经递质酶 神经元。拟议的研究将确定运输人员的角色 影响去极化信号调节特异性的因素和去极化信号 这些神经元中的神经肽和神经递质酶。我们最初的 研究将进一步澄清神经化学识别和可塑性 结状神经节神经元的原位和体外研究。组织培养 范式将被用来评估神经肽和 神经递质酶mRNAs在单个神经元中的表达 失去目标接触和去极化影响的变化。我们 建议靶向衍生的调控因子参与调控 神经肽和神经递质酶的mRNA表达包括 特定的逆行运输的神经营养因子。因为Placeode- 脑源性神经元对其他神经营养因子有反应 神经营养因子(BDNF)和神经酪氨酸酶参与调节 结状神经节神经元的成熟神经元表型主要为BDNF 和NT-3。第二组研究将确定哪一位成员(S) 神经营养因子受体Trk家族与诺糖相关 神经节神经元与特定的神经化学关系- 被定义的神经元。特异性神经营养因子的逆行转运 (NGF、BDFN、NT-3)在结状神经节神经元中的表达也将被评估。一个 最后一组研究将确定NGF、BDNF和/或NT-3的作用 结节状神经节细胞在体内和体外。这些本能的感官 神经元对内脏动态平衡至关重要，并与许多 内脏调节的病理学(如高血压、肺脏 功能障碍、胃肠道疾病)。理解规则 神经肽和神经递质酶在这些神经元中的表达 对于理解并最终操纵它们的 不同条件下的化学神经元传递模式和 病理学。同样，关于神经营养素在胎盘中的作用的知识- 派生的感觉神经元群体将提供更大的 对多种治疗药物的神经营养作用的了解 精神错乱。

Visceral sensory neurons of the nodose ganglion innervate major organ systems of the thorax and abdomen, and are an integral part of visceral reflexes involved in maintaining homeostasis. These placode-derived visceral sensory neurons contains multiple neuropeptides and putative neurotransmitter, the content of which is not static. However, little is known about the epidgetic influences on the expression of neuropeptides and neurotransmitter enzymes in mature nodose ganglion neurons. The proposed studies will determine the roles of transported factors and depolarizing signals on the regulation of specific neuropeptides and neurotransmitter enzymes in these neurons. Our initial studies will further clarify the neurochemical identifies and plasticity of nodose ganglion neurons both in situ and in vitro. A tissue culture paradigm will be used to evaluate changes in neuropeptide and neurotransmitter enzyme mRNAs in individual neurons resulting from both loss of target contact and changes in depolarizing influences. We propose that the target-derived regulatory agents involved in modulating neuropeptide and neurotransmitter enzymes mRNA expression include specific retrogradely-transported neurotrophins. Because placeode- derived neurons are responsive t other neurotrophins, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurothrophisn involved in regulation of mature neuronal phenotypes of nodose ganglion neurons are primarily BDNF and NT-3. A second set of studies will determine which member(s) of the TrK family of neurotrophin receptors is(are) associated with nodose ganglion neurons that their relationship with specific neurochemically- defined neurons. The retrograde transport of specific neurotrophins (NGF, BDFN, NT-3) in nodose ganglion neurons will also be evaluated. A final group of studies will determine the role of NGF, BDNF and/or NT-3 nodose ganglion neurons in vivo and in vitro. These visceral sensory neurons are critical for visceral homeostasis, and relate to the many pathologies of visceral regulation (e.g. hypertension, pulmonary dysfunction, gastrointestinal disorders). Understanding the regulation of neuropeptides and neurotransmitter enzymes expression by these neurons is important in understanding, and ultimately manipulating, their patterns of chemical neuron-transmission under various conditions and pathologies. Likewise, knowledge of neurotrophin actions in a placode- derived population of sensory neurons will provide a greater understanding of neurotrophic actions as therapeutic agents in a variety of disorders.