Future Transport Systems - Vehicle to Grid opportunity study

车辆到电网（V2G）描述了将插电式电动汽车（EV）的电力放电到电网的能力，通常包括将其放电到孤岛网络以及更广泛的“开放”电网。在智能/低碳电网的国际趋势背景下，里卡多、国家电网和其他公司预测，V2Goperation的移动电力存储潜力可以在电网平衡（减少需求并向电网提供电力）中发挥重要作用。提供电网平衡服务将为几种成本模式增加新的价值流，尤其是电动汽车。作为其整合新能源和移动领域的技术开发和商业化战略的一部分，FTS对当前的V2G技术和试点项目进行了背景研究。基于这项研究，FTS（与SSE和其他合作伙伴）正在进行通用V2G系统的开发，该系统将测试基本原理，包括；电池退化和能量损失、车载和车载控制系统、电网集成、操作控制等。这项研究将描述V2G技术的市场潜力，并根据技术解决方案和提供的价值类型对其进行细分。这种细分将定义需要对通用系统进行哪些技术调整，以满足一系列利基市场需求。这项研究具有创新性，旨在细分和量化潜在的V2G市场，以便开发特定的技术适应性，为早期采用专门开发的V2G功能的利基市场提供支持。这些细分市场的识别和优先排序将使FTS能够制定可靠的技术和市场发展战略，从而使最终系统尽可能有效地商业化。这项研究还将确定潜在的合作伙伴和客户，FTS可以与他们合作开发大规模的试点项目，并将最终系统商业化

Vehicle to Grid (V2G) describes the ability to discharge electricity from plug-in electricvehicles (EV) into the grid and often includes discharging into islanded networks as well asinto the wider ‘open’ grid.In the context of international trends towards smarter/low carbon grid networks, it is predictedby Ricardo, National Grid and others that the mobile electricity storage potential of V2Goperation could play a valuable role in grid balancing (reducing demand and providing powerto the grid). Providing a grid balancing service will add a new value stream to several costmodels, not least that of EVs.As part of its strategy to develop and commercialise technologies integrating the new energyand mobility sectors, FTS has undertaken background research into current V2G technologiesand pilots projects. Based on this research FTS (with SSE and other partners) is proceedingwith the development of a generic V2G system which will test the fundamentals, including;battery degradation and energy losses, on and off-board control systems, grid integration,operational control etc.This study will characterise the market potential for V2G technologies and segment it bytechnical solutions and types of value offered. This segmentation will define what technicaladaptations will need to be made to the generic system to meet a range of niche market needs.The study is innovative in aiming to segment and quantify the potential V2G market so thatspecific technical adaptations can be developed to provide early adopting niche markets withspecifically developed V2G functionality.Identification and prioritisation of these niche market segments will enable FTS to developrobust technical and market development strategies thereby enabling the ultimate systems tobe commercialised as effectively as possible.The study will also identify potential partners and customers with whom FTS can work todevelop large scale pilot projects and commercialise the final system