MEDIAL FRONTAL CORTEX IN INTENTIONAL ASPECTS OF LANGUAGE

描述(改编自《调查员摘要》)：语言 精神障碍在脑损伤和疾病患者中很常见。这个 开发有效的语言障碍治疗方法需要 对语言及其相关的神经学基础的理解 功能。意图是回应的准备，对所有人都很重要 活动，包括涉及语言的活动。文献表明 不同的神经系统在有意识的过程中 从内部知识存储库检索信息与何时检索 意向性过程包括对外部刺激的简单反应，例如 重复。此外，用于生成语言的信息的性质 可能会影响使用哪些系统来完成任务。海流 提案计划探索内侧额叶皮质的作用和位置 涉及语言表达的意向性方面的使用功能 磁共振成像(FMRI)。据推测，内科医生 额叶皮质参与有意识的语言活动 从内部知识存储中检索将位于主导位置 额叶内侧回，就在辅助运动区(SMA)和 就在这个皮质正下方的沟里。这个大脑皮层比 连接到参与行动计划的前额叶皮质比SMA更多，这 更直接地与电机结构相连。此外，这一皮层是 有别于前扣带回的边缘皮质。为 涉及复制外部信息的重复，它是 假设SMA参与其中，因为重复只是需要 产生正确的运动活动和序列以复制 刺激。最后，假设内侧额叶皮质是 仅在生成单词时才参与生成语言响应 而不是当无意义的音节产生时。最终，这些任务和 这项研究中涉及的程序可用于研究有意活动 在因脑损伤或疾病而导致语言障碍的患者中。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract): Language disturbance is common in persons with brain injury and disease. The development of effective treatments for such language disturbances requires an understanding of the neurological bases of language and related functions. Intention is preparation to respond and is important for all activities, including those involving language. The literature suggests that different neural systems are engaged when intentional processes involve retrieval of information from internal knowledge stores versus when intentional processes involve simple responses to external stimuli, such as repetition. Further, the nature of information used to generate language may affect which systems are engaged to accomplish the task. The current proposal plans to explore the role and location of the medial frontal cortex involved in the intentional aspects of language expression using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). It is hypothesized that the medial frontal cortex involved in intentional language activities requiring retrieval from internal knowledge stores will be located in the dominant medial frontal gyrus, just anterior to supplementary motor area (SMA) and within the sulcus directly inferior to this cortex. This cortex is more connected to prefrontal cortex involved in action planning than SMA, which is more directly connected to motor structures. Further, this cortex is distinguishable from the limbic cortex of anterior cingulate gyrus. For repetition which involves replicating external information, it is hypothesized that SMA is involved because repetition simply requires producing the correct motor activities and sequences to replicate the stimulus. Finally, it is hypothesized that medial frontal cortex is involved in generation of language responses only when words are generated and not when meaningless syllables are generated. Eventually, the tasks and procedures involved in this study can be used to study intentional activity in patients with language impairment because of brain injury or disease.