VESTIBULOOCULAR RESPONSES TO LINEAR AND ANGULAR STIMULI

描述：这项研究的长期目标是了解 来自耳石器官的感觉提示的相互作用(测量重力和 直线加速度)和半规管(测量旋转)和TO 了解规则(主音)和非规则(相位)的影响 这种感觉相互作用上的前庭传入。它特别是 在我们的临床研究中理解这些感觉相互作用是至关重要的 所有耳石反应后准确评估耳石功能的方法 是上下文相关的，因为与 重力和线加速度的测量(爱因斯坦的等价性 原则)。具体地说，耳石器官测量重力信号。 指示倾斜以及指示平移的线加速度提示。 神经系统能够区分倾斜和倾斜是至关重要的 翻译是因为对每一个人的适当补偿反应都相当 不一样。其他感官线索在这一过程中起着至关重要的作用。为 例如，通过耳道测量的旋转信号可以确认耳石 有倾斜的迹象。同样，视觉提示也会影响这一点 耳石测量的分辨率，也有助于确定适当的增益 取决于目标距离的线性VOR响应。因此， 拟议研究的总体目标是测量倾斜度和 刺激根管和耳石时的翻译反应 试着理解神经系统是如何解释来自 耳石器官。这些感官相互作用很重要，因为所有 自然动作包括耳石器官和耳石器官信号的组合 半圆形的运河。拟议的计划有五个具体目标 研究。1)研究人类神经系统是如何分离耳石的 偏心过程中重力和线加速度估计的线索 旋转。2)调查不规则耳石单位在 引发OVAR的稳态单向(“偏置”)分量 回应。3)调查不规则耳石单位在 帮助神经系统对重力和线性倾斜做出反应 偏心旋转时的加速度。4)调查人类是如何 神经系统处理耳石信号以诱导眼睛扭转。5) 研究引起轴变化所需的重力刺激 人类眼球旋转的可能性。所有拟议的研究都依赖于 基于模型的方法；已经开发了一个模型来帮助解释这些 感官相互作用和预测眼球运动。实验将会验证 或者通过测试耳石器官的联合影响来反驳这个模型 半规管对反射性眼球运动的影响。

DESCRIPTION: The long-term goal of this research is to understand the interaction of sensory cues from the otolith organs (measuring gravity and linear acceleration) and the semicircular canals (measuring rotation) and to understand the influence of the regular (tonic) and irregular (phasic) vestibular afferents on this sensory interaction. It is particularly crucial to understand these sensory interactions as we develop clinical procedures to accurately assess otolith function since all otolith responses are context dependent because of the inherent ambiguity associated with the measurement of gravity and linear acceleration (Einstein's Equivalence Principle). Specifically, the otolith organs measure gravitational cues indicating tilt as well as linear acceleration cues indicating translation. It is crucial that the nervous system be able to distinguish tilt from translation because the appropriate compensatory response to each is quite different. Other sensory cues play crucial roles in this process. For example, rotational cues measured by the canals could confirm otolith indications of tilt. Similarly, visual cues could also influence this resolution of otolith measurements and also help determine the proper gain of linear VOR responses, which depend upon target distance. Therefore, the general goal of the proposed research is to measure both tilt and translation responses during stimulation of both the canals and otoliths to try to understand how the nervous system interprets the sensory cues from the otolith organs. These sensory interactions are important because all natural movements involve combinations of cues from the otolith organs and semi-circular canals. There are five specific aims of the proposed research. 1) Investigate how the human nervous system separates otolith cues into estimates of gravity and linear acceleration during eccentric rotation. 2) Investigate the role played by irregular otolith units in eliciting the steady-state unidirectional ("bias") component of OVAR responses. 3) Investigate the role played by irregular otolith units to help the nervous system respond to tilt with respect to gravity and linear acceleration during eccentric rotation. 4) Investigate how the human nervous system processes otolith cues to induce ocular torsion. 5) Investigate the gravitational stimuli required to induce changes in the axis of eye rotation in humans. All of the proposed research relies upon a model-based approach; a model has been developed to help explain these sensory interactions and to predict eye movements. Experiments will verify or refute the model by testing the combined influences of the otolith organs and semicircular canals on reflexive eye movements.