ALCOHOL REGULATION AND VIOLENCE

申请人摘要：本提案关注的是变化的影响 在美国各州和城市的政府酒精监管政策中， 美国和其他国家之间暴力犯罪的发生率 (rape、抢劫和殴打）;家庭中的身体暴力;以及其他 暴力行为的指标，如打架和麻烦， 初中、高中和大学的警察。 校长 有待检验的假设是，微观数据中的暴力发生率 与监管的严格程度呈负相关。 酒精控制 变量包括政府管制的酒精饮料价格， 通过税收;购买的最低法律的饮酒年龄， 酒精消费;销售点的数量和类型 允许出售酒精;以及与酒精广告有关的法规 以及服务器责任。 新可用的衡量标准的影响 非法药品价格和国家法律有关的制造，销售， 持有和使用非法毒品对暴力的影响也将进行研究。 此外，研究设计认识到，非暴力犯罪可能 是暴力犯罪的替代或补充，前者将 被视为一种额外的结果。 一个国际的，四个 本项目将采用国家微观数据收集： 1989年国际犯罪调查（28 006名16岁及以上的受访者， 包括美国在内的15个国家，西欧11个国家、波兰、 加拿大和澳大利亚）; 1991年全国家庭药物滥用调查 (32 594名12岁及以上的受访者，对青少年进行了过度抽样， 年轻人，黑人和西班牙裔）; 1982年，1989年和1992年 监察日后的中学生调查 （每次调查中约有17，000名高中生， 1992年调查中的八年级和十年级学生人数）; 1989年，1990年， 和1991年大学生核心酒精和药物调查（超过50，000人） 1976年和1985年的全国家庭 暴力调查（1976年调查有2，143名受访者， 1985年的调查，对黑人和西班牙裔进行了过度抽样 调查）。 这些数据的收集将有助于评估 酒精和非法药物管制措施对暴力行为的影响 男性和女性、儿童、青少年和 成年人，白人和少数民族。

APPLICANT'S ABSTRACT: This proposal focuses on the effects of variations in government alcohol regulatory policies among cities and states of the United States and among countries on the incidence of violent crimes (rape, robbery, and assault); physical violence in families; and other indicators of violent behavior such as fights and trouble with the police in junior high school, high school, and college. The principal hypothesis to be tested is that the incidence of violence in micro data is negatively related to the stringency of regulation. Alcohol control variables include alcoholic beverage prices, which governments regulate via taxation; the minimum legal drinking age for the purchase and consumption of alcohol; the number and types of outlets that are permitted to sell alcohol; and statutes pertaining to alcohol advertising and to server liability. The impacts of newly available measure of illegal drug prices and state laws pertaining to the manufacture, sale, possession, and use of illegal drugs on violence also will be studied. In addition, the research design recognizes that non-violent crime may be a substitute or a complement for violent crime, and the former will be considered as an additional outcome. One international and four national micro data collections will be employed in this project: the 1989 International Crime Survey (28,006 respondents ages 16 and over in 15 countries including the U.S., 11 countries in Western Europe, Poland, Canada, and Australia); the 1991 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (32,594 respondents ages 12 and over with oversampling of teenagers and young adults, blacks, and Hispanics); the 1982, 1989, and 1992 Monitoring the Future Surveys of Secondary School Students (approximately 17,000 high school seniors in each survey and the same numbers of eighth and tenth graders in the 1992 survey); the 1989, 1990, and 1991 Core Alcohol and Drug Surveys of College Students (over 50,000 college students in each survey); and the 1976 and 1985 National Family Violence Surveys (2,143 respondents in the 1976 survey and 6,002 in the 1985 survey with oversampling of Blacks and Hispanics in the 1985 survey). These data collections will facilitate evaluations of the effects of the alcohol and illegal drug regulatory measures on violent actions committed by and to males and females; children, teenagers, and adults; and whites and minorities.