The role of radiation and cosmic rays in galaxy formation

这个项目旨在解决关于星系形成的持久问题，即为什么星系在将气体转化为恒星方面如此低效。该项目将通过数值模拟、基本物理分析和与观测结果的比较，研究造成这种低效率的两种可能因素，即星光光子施加的压力和超新星产生的相对论性宇宙射线。预期的结果将大大提高对辐射和宇宙射线与形成恒星的星际气体相互作用的物理学的理解。这将有助于我们完整地了解像我们这样的星系是如何形成的，并将为未来的模拟和观测解释提供工具。

This project aims to solve the enduring question about galaxy formation of why galaxies are so inefficient at turning gas into stars. This project will investigate two possible agents for this inefficiency, the pressures exerted by starlight photons and the relativistic cosmic rays produced by supernovae, using a combination of numerical simulations, basic physical analysis, and comparison to observations. The expected outcome will be a greatly improved understanding of the physics of the interaction of radiation and cosmic rays with star-forming interstellar gas. This will help complete the picture of how galaxies like our own came to be, and will provide tools for both future simulations and the interpretation of observations.