TEMPORAL PROPERTIES OF AUDITORY MASKING

描述：拟议研究的长期目标是进一步 我们对听觉加工潜在机制的理解 并确定这些机制是如何受 感觉神经性听力损失。有两条独立但相关的线路 研究。第一行侧重于检测短信号作为 先前掩蔽者刺激的功能。潜在的机制可以发挥作用 在增强新到达或间歇信号方面的重要作用， 尤其是那些有持续背景的人。中的时间效应 同时掩蔽被称为“时间掩蔽过程” 使用离频音调遮罩时会发生，当使用时会出现“超调” 宽带噪声掩蔽器。一线研究的目标是(1) 更好地理解这两个时态的处理过程 效果，尤其是测试一种新提出的理论，该理论统一了 掩蔽和超调的时间进程，以及(2)加深我们的理解 感音神经性耳聋对时间效应的影响 同步掩蔽。 第二行的研究集中在幅度的处理上 调制。这些实验的时间复杂性与 日常复杂声音知觉的听觉加工 例如语音或音乐。第二条线的研究目标是 (1)加深对听觉系统如何处理幅度的理解 在存在竞争调制的情况下进行调制，并确定什么是调制 在单个听觉通道内进行这种处理的程度，(2) 深入了解导致最近描述的 频率对通道内和跨通道时间分辨率的影响，(3) 将调幅处理与语音处理联系起来 和(4)加深我们对原因的理解 感觉神经性听力损失的患者通常有特殊的 在时间上复杂的背景下理解语音有困难。

DESCRIPTION: The long-range goals of the proposed research are to further our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the auditory processing of time-varying stimuli, and to determine how those mechanisms are affected by sensorineural hearing loss. There are two separate but related lines of research. The first line focuses on the detection of brief signals as a function of prior masker stimulation. The underlying mechanisms could play an important role in enhancing newly arriving or intermittent signals, especially those in an on-going background. The temporal effect in simultaneous masking is called the "temporal course of masking" when it occurs with off-frequency tonal maskers, and "overshoot" when it occurs with broadband noise maskers. The goals of the first line of research are to (1) gain a better understanding of the processing underlying these two temporal effects, and in particular to test a newly proposed theory that unifies the temporal course of masking and overshoot, and (2) further our understanding of the effects of sensorineural hearing loss on temporal effects in simultaneous masking. The second line of research concentrates on the processing of amplitude modulation. The temporal complexity of these experiments is relevant to the auditory processing underlying the perception of everyday complex sounds such as speech or music. The goals of the second line of research are to (1) further our understanding of how the auditory system processes amplitude modulation in the presence of competing modulation, and to determine to what extent such processing is occurring within a single auditory channel, (2) gain insight into the mechanisms responsible for the recently described effect of frequency on within-and across-channel temporal resolution, (3) relate the processing of amplitude modulation to the processing of speech in time-varying backgrounds, and (4) further our understanding of why individuals with a sensorineural hearing loss often have particular difficulty understanding speech in temporally complex backgrounds.