TEMPORAL LOBE INPUT TO THE DESCENDING MOTOR PATHWAYS

描述（改编自申请人摘要）： 扣带运动区（M3或24c区）是新近发现的一个运动区 在灵长类动物大脑的一部分， 边缘叶的背侧边缘 它在脑叶内的位置， 与多模态边缘区的相互连接， 信息，其神经元的独特运动特征表明， 它代表了高阶边缘运动的重要接口 交互. 边缘叶的多模态关联皮层 自主运动行为的影响仍然是一个悬而未决的问题， 神经学中的重要问题 这项研究的目的是 表征连接几个边缘附属的功能通路， 颞叶的某些部分有生理上映射的身体表征 运动皮层的运动皮层，反过来，直接影响不同的肌肉 面部和四肢的组织。 具体的假设是：1）内侧颞叶的投影从 杏仁核、颞极、嗅周皮质和海马旁后区 脑回直接终止和差异，在功能特征 扣带运动皮层的身体表征; 2）生理学 扣带运动皮层的特定部分， 颞叶的边缘区直接支配不同的 控制面部肌肉运作的低级神经元， 四肢 为了验证这些假设，结合多种策略， 神经元标记技术与生理学方法的增强， 被雇用。 我们将绘制各部分之间的重要功能联系， 内侧颞叶和支配上下运动神经元 面部肌肉和四肢肌肉影响不同的运动 穿过不同的关节 表征多模态边缘皮层和 控制单个肌肉群的下运动神经元中心将具有 解释非侵入性功能成像的基本含义 研究和理解为什么刻板动作是癫痫发作的一部分 为什么异常活动的形式可预测的运动模式 伴随精神疾病，以及病变如何影响前 扣带回引起了运动不能的特殊综合症。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract) : The cingulate motor area (M3 or area 24c) is a newly discovered motor representation in part of the primate brain that is located in the dorsal-most edge of the limbic lobe. Its position within this lobe, interconnections with multimodal limbic areas that process pre-processed information, and the unique motor characteristics of its neurons suggest that it represents an important interface for higher-order limbic-motor interactions. How multimodal association cortex of the limbic lobe influences voluntary motor behavior remains an unanswered but extremely important question in Neurology. The goal of this research is to characterize functional pathways that connect several limbic-affiliated parts of the temporal lobe with physiologically mapped body representations of the motor cortex which, in turn, directly influence distinct muscle groups in the face and extremities. The specific hypotheses are: 1) medial temporal lobe projections from the amygdala, temporal pole, perirhinal cortex and posterior parahippocampal gyrus terminate directly and differentially, in functionally-characterized body representations of the cingulate motor cortex and; 2) physiologically defined parts of the cingulate motor cortex that are linked to multimodal limbic areas of the temporal lobe innervate directly distinct populations of lower neurons controlling the operation of muscles in the face and extremities. To test these hypotheses, strategies combining multiple neuronal labelling techniques augmented with physiological methodology will be employed. We will map important functional linkages between parts of the medial temporal lobe and lower motor neurons innervating the upper and lower facial muscles, and muscles of the extremities affecting different movements across different joints. Characterizing functional linkages between multimodal limbic cortices and lower motor neuron centers controlling individual muscle groups will have fundamental implications for interpreting non-invasive functional imaging studies and understanding why stereotyped movements are part of seizure disorders, why abnormal activities in the form of predictable motor patterns accompany psychiatric illness, and how lesions affecting the anterior cingulate gyrus give rise to the extraordinary syndrome of akinesia.