SMOKING CUES EFFECTS ON PROCESSING OF ALCOHOL STIMULI

酒精和烟草使用水平之间的联系是很好的 记录在案。 酗酒者和酒精依赖者更有可能 吸烟和吸烟比轻度至中度饮酒者更频繁。 事实上，许多研究表明，尼古丁依赖是一种 治疗中酗酒者的一种非常常见的共病。 与 越来越多的证据表明， 由于这些物质的使用，人们越来越感兴趣的是设计 同时针对酒精的治疗和预防策略 和烟草。 然而，交叉添加治疗和预防是有限的， 事实上，人们对这一现象背后的机制知之甚少， 使用这些物质。 本提案涉及从信息中得出的假设 物质使用的相互影响的处理模型， 物质相关的线索 根据这一观点，在重复的合作中， 同时使用两种物质，一种物质的线索可能有助于 激活使用另一个的记忆表征，从而 使得相关物质的使用更可能和/或更强烈。 使用 尼古丁依赖的大量社交饮酒者的样本，目前的建议 研究了吸烟可能激活或启动记忆的假设， 调节酒精使用的结构。 通过对斯特鲁普的改进， 颜色命名任务，两个实验研究提出了调查： (1)吸烟线索对酒精认知加工的影响， 相关信息，（2）先前和同时吸烟线索的影响 饮酒行为，（3）认知处理之间的关联 酒精-烟草相互作用和饮酒行为的措施 存在吸烟提示。 该项目的成果将提供一个 更清楚地了解继续使用烟草可能会影响 试图控制酒精的使用。 此外，它将为以下方面提供基础： 一项旨在发展综合认知评估的研究计划， 以及同时存在酒精和尼古丁依赖的治疗方法。

The association between levels of alcohol and tobacco use is well documented. Heavy drinkers and alcohol dependent subjects are more likely to smoke and smoke more frequently than light to moderate drinkers. Indeed a number of studies have suggested that nicotine dependence is an extremely common co-morbid condition for alcoholics in treatment. With mounting evidence of the deleterious health effects of heavy concurrent use of these substances, there has been increasing interest in devising treatment and prevention strategies that may simultaneously target alcohol and tobacco. Cross addition treatment and prevention is limited, however, by the fact that little is known about the mechanisms underlying the combined use of these substances. The present proposal addresses hypotheses derived from information processing models of substance use regarding the reciprocal influences of substance related cues. According to this view, with repeated co- occurrent use of two substances, cues for one substance may serve to activate memory representations underlying the use of the other thereby making associated substance use more likely and/or more intense. Using a sample of nicotine dependent heavy social drinkers, the current proposal investigates the hypothesis that smoking cues may activate or prime memory structures that mediate alcohol use. Through modifications of the Stroop color naming task, two experimental studies are proposed to investigate: (1) the influence of smoking cues on cognitive processing of alcohol- related information, (2) the effects of prior and concurrent smoking cues on drinking behavior, and (3) the association between cognitive processing measures of alcohol-tobacco interactions and drinking behavior in the presence of smoking cues. The results of this project will provide a clearer understanding of how the continued use of tobacco may influence attempts to control alcohol use. Moreover, it will provide the basis for a research program which seeks to develop integrative cognitive assessment and treatment approaches for concurrent alcohol and nicotine dependence.