TEMPORAL LOBE INPUT TO THE DESCENDING MOTOR PATHWAYS

描述(改编自申请人的摘要)： 扣带运动区(M3或24c区)是一种新发现的运动 在灵长类动物大脑的一部分，位于 背侧--边缘叶的最边缘。它在这个叶中的位置， 与处理前处理的多模式边缘区域的互连 信息，以及它神经元独特的运动特征表明 它代表了高阶边缘电机的一个重要接口 互动。边缘叶皮质的多模式联合 对自愿运动行为的影响仍然是一个没有答案但极其重要的问题 神经学中的重要问题。这项研究的目标是 描述连接多个边缘附属的功能通路 具有生理地形图身体表征的部分颞叶 运动皮质，而这反过来又直接影响不同的肌肉 面部和四肢的群体。 具体的假设是：1)来自内侧颞叶的投射 杏仁核、颞极、大脑周围皮质和海马旁后叶 脑回直接和不同的终末，在功能特征上 扣带运动皮质的身体表现；2)生理学 扣带运动皮质的特定部分与多模式相联系 颞叶的边缘区域直接支配着不同的人群 控制面部肌肉运作的低等神经元和 四肢。为了检验这些假设，将多种策略结合在一起 神经元标记技术加上生理学方法学将 被雇佣。我们将绘制各部分之间的重要功能链接 支配上、下叶的内侧颞叶和下运动神经元 面部肌肉和四肢肌肉影响不同的动作 穿过不同的关节。 表征多模式边缘皮质和大脑边缘皮质之间的功能联系 控制单个肌肉群的低级运动神经元中枢将拥有 解释非侵入性功能成像的基本含义 研究和理解为什么千篇一律的动作是癫痫的一部分 障碍，为什么异常活动的形式是可预测的运动模式 伴随着精神疾病，以及病变如何影响前部 扣带回引起了一种特殊的运动障碍综合征。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract) : The cingulate motor area (M3 or area 24c) is a newly discovered motor representation in part of the primate brain that is located in the dorsal-most edge of the limbic lobe. Its position within this lobe, interconnections with multimodal limbic areas that process pre-processed information, and the unique motor characteristics of its neurons suggest that it represents an important interface for higher-order limbic-motor interactions. How multimodal association cortex of the limbic lobe influences voluntary motor behavior remains an unanswered but extremely important question in Neurology. The goal of this research is to characterize functional pathways that connect several limbic-affiliated parts of the temporal lobe with physiologically mapped body representations of the motor cortex which, in turn, directly influence distinct muscle groups in the face and extremities. The specific hypotheses are: 1) medial temporal lobe projections from the amygdala, temporal pole, perirhinal cortex and posterior parahippocampal gyrus terminate directly and differentially, in functionally-characterized body representations of the cingulate motor cortex and; 2) physiologically defined parts of the cingulate motor cortex that are linked to multimodal limbic areas of the temporal lobe innervate directly distinct populations of lower neurons controlling the operation of muscles in the face and extremities. To test these hypotheses, strategies combining multiple neuronal labelling techniques augmented with physiological methodology will be employed. We will map important functional linkages between parts of the medial temporal lobe and lower motor neurons innervating the upper and lower facial muscles, and muscles of the extremities affecting different movements across different joints. Characterizing functional linkages between multimodal limbic cortices and lower motor neuron centers controlling individual muscle groups will have fundamental implications for interpreting non-invasive functional imaging studies and understanding why stereotyped movements are part of seizure disorders, why abnormal activities in the form of predictable motor patterns accompany psychiatric illness, and how lesions affecting the anterior cingulate gyrus give rise to the extraordinary syndrome of akinesia.