JUDGEMENTS FOR HEARING AID FITTING IN CHILDREN

这项研究的长期目标是开发可靠的， 敏感的主观判断程序，可以提供重要的 助听器性能的验配和验证信息 小儿 拟议调查的具体目的如下： 如下：（1）确定感觉和认知过程的影响 在正常的听力和听力的主观判断的形成， （2）研究儿童之间的相互作用; 听力损失的发展和程度对主观形成能力 （3）在审判中实行主观判断程序。 两种助听器处方策略的感知评估。 在 三个实验中的第一个，清晰度的感知维度将 根据听力正常和轻度至中度听力受损来判断 儿童（8-12岁），刑期等同于带宽 但是在频谱成形（均匀对高频）方面不同 增强与低频增强）、频谱斜率（6 dB/倍频程与 3 dB/倍频程）和说话者的数量（1对6）。 主观 判断将通过配对比较程序来衡量， 包含置信度评级。 测试将在 衡量学习效果和记录 受试者间和受试者内的变异性。 展示孩子的 区分成对的刺激条件的能力， 光谱形状和斜率的不同将决定感觉成分。 认知成分将通过以下因素的存在来确定： 响应模式的传递性（逻辑运算），可量化 的信心评级。 同样的设计将在一个 第二个实验，但将评估听力受损的儿童， 年龄较小（5-8岁），听力损失程度不同 (mild严重）。 第三个实验将结合主观 助听器的选配方法有哪些？ 听障儿童会判断句子的清晰度 两种助听器处方策略，一种是针对线性 放大（NAL-R）和另一个开发的宽动态范围 压缩（DSL[i/o]）。 主观判断将被衡量 系统地使用不同的演讲者提出的软，中等， 大声输入水平。结果应确定听力受损者是否 儿童能够区分不同的处方药 策略以及清晰度偏好是否可靠和敏感。

The long term objective of this research is to develop reliable and sensitive subjective judgment procedures that can provide important information to the fitting and verification of hearing aid performance in children. The specific aims of the proposed investigation are as follows: (1) to determine the effects of sensory and cognitive processes on the formation of subjective judgments in normal-hearing and hearing- impaired children, (2) to investigate the interaction between development and degree of hearing loss on the ability to form subjective judgments, and (3) to implement a subjective judgment procedure in the perceptual evaluation of two hearing aid prescriptive strategies. In the first of three experiments, the perceptual dimension of clarity will be judged by normal-hearing and mild to moderately hearing-impaired children (ages 8-12 years) for sentences that are equated in bandwidth and loudness but vary in spectral shaping (uniform vs. high-frequency emphasis vs. low-frequency emphasis), spectral slope (6 dB/octave vs. 3 dB/octave) and number of talkers (one versus six). Subjective judgments will be measured by a paired comparison procedure that incorporates a confidence rating. Testing will be conducted over a number of sessions to measure the effects of learning and to document the inter-and intrasubject variability. Demonstration of the child's ability to discriminate from among pairs of stimulus conditions that differ in spectral shape and slope will determine the sensory component. The cognitive component will be ascertained through the existence of transitivities (logical operations) in response patterns, quantifiable by the confidence ratings. The same design will be implemented in a second experiment, but will evaluate hearing-impaired children of younger ages (5-8 years) and with different degrees of hearing loss (mild to severe). The third experiment will incorporate the subjective judgment procedure into the pediatric hearing aid evaluation process. Hearing-impaired children will judge the clarity of sentences processed by two hearing aid prescriptive strategies, one developed for linear amplification (NAL-R) and another developed for wide dynamic range compression (DSL[i/o]). Subjective judgements will be measured systematically using different talkers presented at soft, medium, and loud input levels. Results should determine whether hearing-impaired children are able to distinguish between different prescriptive strategies and whether clarity preferences are reliable and sensitive.